UE-Driven QoS Flow Description Updates Across Firewall Barriers

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Firewalls and network address translations (NATs) prevent direct communication between network elements, hindering the network's ability to receive valid Quality of Service (QoS) flow information, leading to inefficient QoS management and resource consumption in UPFs.

Innovation Solution

A UE-driven packet flow description (PFD) management method where the user equipment (UE) requests updates to the QoS flow information directly to the core network (CN), using a differentiated services code point (DSCP) mark to transmit packets, thereby bypassing firewalls and reducing the need for reflective QoS indicators (RQI) and deep packet inspection (DPI).

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If firewalls and NATs are deployed for security, then network security is improved, but the network's ability to receive valid QoS flow information is hindered

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenetwork securityVSAvoidQoS flow information
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of information

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces an intermediary mechanism where the UE acts as a mediator to forward QoS flow information from the application to the core network. The UE extracts PFD parameters from downlink packets and sends them to the network via uplink signaling, bypassing the firewall/NAT barrier that blocks direct communication between the application server and the network. This intermediary approach allows QoS information to be transmitted without compromising the security architecture.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Adaptability or versatility

If reflective QoS indicators (RQI) and deep packet inspection (DPI) are used to update QoS flows, then QoS management capability is improved, but UPF resources are overloaded

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveQoS management capabilityVSAvoidUPF resources
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies preliminary action by having the UE extract and prepare PFD parameters from downlink packets before forwarding them to the core network via uplink signaling. This pre-processing of QoS information at the UE side eliminates the need for the UPF to perform resource-intensive deep packet inspection and reflective QoS operations, thereby reducing UPF resource consumption while maintaining QoS management capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Reliability

If multiple data flows are configured with detailed QoS management, then service quality is improved, but network signaling load increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveservice qualityVSAvoidnetwork signaling load
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges multiple QoS flow update operations into a single uplink signaling message. Instead of sending separate signaling messages for each QoS flow update, the UE consolidates PFD parameters for multiple data flows into one message that is sent to the core network. This merging approach reduces the overall network signaling load while enabling detailed QoS management for multiple data flows, thus improving service quality without proportionally increasing signaling overhead.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Data Source

PatentEP4156767B1UE-driven packet flow description management
Publication Date: 2025.08.20 APPLE INC
  • EP4156767B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4156767B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4156767B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

In some aspects, the present disclosure relates to a method for performing packet flow description (PFD) management, the method including establishing a Quality-of-Service (QoS) flow between a user equipment (UE) and a core network (CN) for a data flow of an application, creating, by the UE, a UE-requested packet flow description (PFD) upon a change in the data flow, sending, from the UE to the CN, a request to the CN for updating a CN PFD to an updated PFD using the UE-requested PFD, receiving, at the UE from the CN, a downlink (DL) packet mapped to the QoS flow using the updated PFD.