User Equipment Group Coordination via Active-Passive Sidelinks
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Solution Overview
Problem
The increasing density of user equipment and limited coverage range due to high spectrum frequencies in wireless communication networks, particularly with mmW and THz frequencies, lead to challenges in effective signal transmission and cooperation among user equipment without direct network intervention.
Innovation Solution
Implementing cooperative communication among user equipment through device-to-device links, where active user equipment coordinates with passive equipment to enhance coverage, capacity, and efficiency, utilizing primary user equipment to manage group membership, data transfer, and control channels.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If high spectrum frequencies (mmW, THz) are used for wireless communication, then data transmission capacity is improved, but coverage range deteriorates due to signal loss
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces user equipment (UE) as intermediary devices that relay communications between the network and other UEs. Active UEs function as mediators by receiving, processing, and forwarding data packets, thereby extending the effective coverage range of high-frequency communications without requiring direct network intervention for each transmission.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the network coverage area into multiple zones served by different active user equipments. Each active UE manages a specific group of passive UEs, dividing the overall coverage task into manageable segments that can be handled independently, thus compensating for the limited range of high-frequency signals.
2Productivity
If user equipment density increases to improve network capacity, then communication coverage is improved, but device complexity and coordination overhead increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements self-service mechanisms where user equipments autonomously perform tasks such as selecting active UEs, forming groups, and managing their own communications. Passive UEs independently connect to suitable active UEs based on predefined criteria, eliminating the need for centralized coordination of every interaction and reducing overall system complexity despite high device density.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces dynamic group formation and role assignment where UEs can transition between active and passive roles based on current network conditions. This dynamic behavior allows the system to adapt to changing density conditions, optimizing coordination overhead by activating only the necessary number of relay nodes at any given time.
3Ease of operation
If point-to-point connections are used between user equipment and network, then connection simplicity is improved, but communication reliability deteriorates without cooperation from nearby user equipment
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges direct network connections with device-to-device communications by allowing data to flow through multiple paths (direct and relayed). This combination maintains the simplicity of point-to-point interface protocols while adding reliability through cooperative transmission, as data can be forwarded through active UEs when direct connections are unavailable or unreliable.
Data Source
AI summary
User equipment in close proximity may transfer data and control information. For example, the user equipment may exchange data or data sets between each other. Each user equipment can receive and transmit data using radio access technologies. A group of user equipments may include active user equipment and passive user equipment. Active user equipment connects with one or more base stations and transfers data on a wireless communication network via the base station. The active user equipment may communicate with other active user equipment and passive user equipment. Passive user equipment may not connect to any base station and/or the wireless communication network and may communicate with other passive user equipment and active user equipment (e.g., via a sidelink, peer-to-peer, or device-to-device channel).