UHR Beacon Integrity Protection During Early Termination

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Solution Overview

Problem

The frequent transmission of Beacon frames in Wi-Fi networks leads to inefficiencies due to unnecessary bandwidth consumption and power usage, and early termination of these frames compromises the integrity protection, making them vulnerable to attacks, particularly affecting timestamp integrity.

Innovation Solution

Implementing an Early Termination Management Message Integrity Check (ET MME) element in Beacon frames to protect the integrity of the early part of the frame, including fields like the BI, capability info, and TIM element, and enhancing timestamp integrity protection.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If Beacon frames are transmitted frequently to maintain network synchronization and information updates, then network reliability and information freshness are improved, but bandwidth consumption and power usage increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenetwork synchronization reliabilityVSAvoidpower consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The Beacon frame is segmented into two parts: an early termination part that contains critical integrity-protected fields (BI, capability info, TIM element) and a later part that can be skipped. Stations only need to receive and verify the early termination part to ensure network synchronization reliability, while avoiding the energy cost of processing the entire frame.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Stations perform partial reception of Beacon frames by terminating early after verifying the integrity-protected portion. This partial action provides sufficient information for network synchronization while avoiding the excessive energy consumption of processing the complete frame, especially when full frame content is not needed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

2Loss of energy

If early termination of Beacon frames is implemented to reduce power consumption and bandwidth usage, then energy efficiency is improved, but integrity protection is compromised making frames vulnerable to attacks

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower consumptionVSAvoidframe integrity
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

An Early Termination MME element is inserted into the Beacon frame before the critical fields (BI, capability info, TIM element). This preliminary integrity protection mechanism allows stations to verify the authenticity and integrity of the early termination portion before processing, ensuring that even partial reception maintains security against tampering attacks.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

Integrity protection is applied locally to the specific early termination portion of the Beacon frame that contains critical synchronization information, rather than requiring protection for the entire frame. This localized approach provides sufficient security for the truncated reception while reducing the computational overhead for both transmission and reception.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Loss of information

If the entire Beacon frame is processed to ensure complete information reception, then information completeness is improved, but processing time and computational resources increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinformation completenessVSAvoidprocessing time
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of informationVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The Beacon frame processing is segmented into mandatory early termination fields and optional subsequent fields. Stations are designed to process only the segmented early termination portion containing critical information (BI, capability info, TIM element), achieving sufficient information completeness for network operation while dramatically reducing processing time and computational resource requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Data Source

PatentEP4629117A1UHR beacon and integrity protection
Publication Date: 2025.10.08 APPLE INC
  • EP4629117A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4629117A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4629117A1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Described herein are methods, systems and apparatuses for enhancing beacon frame integrity protection. In some embodiments an access point (AP) may generate a beacon frame comprising an early termination management message integrity check (MIC) element (ET MME) and a standard MME. The ET MME may provide integrity protection for one or more initial elements in the beacon frame. The ET MME may be positioned before the standard MME.