Free Component Detection via Ultrafiltration to Equilibrium Dialysis Conversion
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for detecting free hormone components, such as equilibrium dialysis and ultrafiltration, face challenges in balancing detection accuracy and speed, with equilibrium dialysis being time-consuming and prone to protein leakage, while ultrafiltration struggles with temperature control affecting measurement results.
Innovation Solution
A content conversion method transforming ultrafiltration to equilibrium dialysis, involving separation of free components by both techniques and establishing a linear equation based on their concentrations to convert ultrafiltration data to equilibrium dialysis data, ensuring high accuracy and rapid analysis.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If equilibrium dialysis is used to separate free components, then measurement precision is improved, but duration of action increases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a conversion model that copies the equilibrium dialysis measurement results from reference samples to unknown samples. By establishing a linear relationship between ultrafiltration measurements and equilibrium dialysis measurements using reference samples with known concentrations, the method allows rapid ultrafiltration measurements to represent the more time-consuming equilibrium dialysis results without actually performing the full dialysis process for each unknown sample.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces ultrafiltration as an intermediary method to bridge the gap between rapid measurement needs and accurate equilibrium dialysis results. Ultrafiltration serves as a mediator that can be performed quickly while the conversion model translates these rapid measurements into equivalent equilibrium dialysis results, thereby resolving the time-accuracy tradeoff.
2Productivity
If ultrafiltration is used to separate free components, then productivity is improved, but temperature control becomes difficult affecting measurement precision
Solution Approach 1:
The patent establishes a conversion model based on feedback from reference samples. By measuring both ultrafiltration and equilibrium dialysis results for reference samples with known concentrations, the system determines conversion factors that account for temperature and other variable effects. This feedback mechanism allows the model to compensate for ultrafiltration's temperature sensitivity and other variations, maintaining precision while keeping the rapid ultrafiltration process.
3Measurement precision
If equilibrium dialysis is performed for extended periods, then measurement precision is improved, but loss of substance increases due to protein leakage
Solution Approach 1:
The patent skips the extended equilibrium dialysis process entirely for unknown samples by using the conversion model. Instead of performing the full dialysis process that risks protein leakage over time, the method rushes through by using rapid ultrafiltration measurements and converting them to equivalent equilibrium dialysis results through the established linear relationship from reference samples.
4Quantity of substance
If ultrafiltration is used to obtain larger volume, then quantity of substance is improved, but temperature control issues arise
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses parameter changes in the conversion model to account for temperature and volume effects. By determining conversion factors from reference samples measured under controlled conditions, the model adjusts for variations in temperature and volume that occur during ultrafiltration, allowing accurate concentration measurements even when larger volumes are processed and temperature control is challenging.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method allows for rapid and accurate detection of free hormone concentrations, improving the detection limit and reliability by leveraging the strengths of both techniques, while maintaining temperature control and avoiding volume migration issues.
Implementation Method 1
separating the free components from samples by ultrafiltration
Implementation Method 2
separating the free components from samples by equilibrium dialysis
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention belongs to the field of free components detection technologies. For sample preparation of free components, although ultrafiltration is efficient and fast, the temperature is not easy to control which result in the measurement results have a large deviation. Conversely, the temperature is easy to control and measurement results are more precise when equilibrium dialysis is used. However, a long time consumed gives rise to equilibrium dialysis cannot meet the requirement for quickly analyzing clinical biological samples. Therefore, this application provides a content conversion method of free components by transforming ultrafiltration to equilibrium dialysis. Free components are separated from samples by ultrafiltration to obtain first concentration. Meanwhile, free components are separated from the samples by equilibrium dialysis to obtain second concentration. A linear equation is established based on the first concentration and the second concentration, which can meet both requirements of high detection accuracy and short time consuming.