Acute-Angle Ultrasonic Array for Complex Geometry Inspection

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional ultrasonic test heads with linear transducer arrays are inefficient for non-destructive material testing of components with complex geometries or hard-to-reach areas, as they require multiple arrays and complex positioning, leading to reduced sensitivity and increased image artifacts due to insufficient sound wave coupling and interference effects.

Innovation Solution

An ultrasonic test head with a two-dimensional array of transducers arranged at acute angles to the support surface, allowing for preferred direction coupling of sound waves oblique to the surface normal, enhancing intensity and reducing interference, and featuring uneven distribution and stochastic arrangements to improve signal-to-noise ratio and access to difficult areas.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If multiple linear arrays are combined in a phased beam configuration to inspect complex geometries, then coverage of different defect types is improved, but device complexity and positioning requirements increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoverage of different defect typesVSAvoidnumber of arrays and positioning mechanism
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent transitions from linear one-dimensional transducer arrays to two-dimensional arrays arranged in a phased beam configuration. This dimensional change allows the system to achieve coverage of multiple defect types and complex geometries within a single array structure, eliminating the need for multiple separate linear arrays and complex positioning mechanisms while maintaining adaptability to various inspection requirements

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Ease of manufacture

If transducers are arranged in a regular matrix pattern, then manufacturing is simplified, but image artifacts increase due to interference effects

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetransducer arrangement regularityVSAvoidimage artifacts from interference
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs asymmetric and irregular arrangements of transducers within the two-dimensional array, specifically using stochastic distributions and spiral-arm-shaped patterns instead of regular matrix patterns. These asymmetric arrangements disrupt the constructive interference that causes image artifacts while maintaining manufacturability through defined geometric patterns, thereby reducing harmful interference effects in the inspected component images

Inventive Principle:
Principle #4Asymmetry

3Use of energy by moving object

If transducers are spaced closely together, then sound wave coupling intensity is maintained, but access to hard-to-reach areas is limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesound wave coupling intensityVSAvoidaccess to hard-to-reach areas
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the two-dimensional transducer array into multiple independently controllable groups or subsets. This segmentation allows different portions of the array to be activated selectively and independently, enabling the system to adapt sound wave coupling to specific geometric features and hard-to-reach areas while maintaining sufficient intensity through coordinated activation of appropriate transducer segments

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

4Use of energy by moving object

If sound waves are coupled perpendicular to the surface, then coupling efficiency is maximized, but detection sensitivity in complex geometries decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesound wave coupling efficiencyVSAvoiddefect detection sensitivity
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements dynamic control of sound wave propagation directions through electronic phase control of the two-dimensional transducer array. This allows the system to adaptively change the angle and direction of sound wave coupling in real-time, transitioning from perpendicular coupling for efficiency to oblique coupling for enhanced defect detection sensitivity in complex geometries, without requiring physical repositioning of the probe

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This design enables more reliable and efficient non-destructive material testing by increasing sound wave intensity in relevant areas, reducing image artifacts, and improving detection sensitivity, particularly in components with holes or complex geometries, allowing for better detection of defects in previously inaccessible regions.

Implementation Method 1

at least one of the individual transducers of the array is arranged at a predefinable acute angle with respect to a contact surface of the array such that the sound waves emitted by the at least one individual transducer can be coupled to the component in a preferred direction

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSound wave coupling: Sound

Implementation Method 2

phased array transducers are known, featuring a multitude of individual transducers arranged directly adjacent to one another in linear or two-dimensional arrays. Such ultrasonic transducer arrangements enable phase-controlled adjustment of the angle of incidence and the focusing depth of the sound waves

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhased array control: Sound

Data Source

PatentEP3221691B1Nondestructive testing of a workpiece by a twodimensional ultrasound array
Publication Date: 2021.01.27 FRAMATOME GMBH
  • EP3221691B1 patent drawingFigure 1~3
  • EP3221691B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5
  • EP3221691B1 patent drawingFigure 6

AI summary

An ultrasonic test head (1) for the non-destructive materials testing of a component (7) has an ultrasonic transducer arrangement (2) which is designed to be coupled to the component (7) and comprises a multiplicity of individual transducers (3) arranged at a distance from one another in a two-dimensional array (4); at least one of the individual transducers (3) in the array (4) is arranged at a predefinable acute angle (13) with respect to a supporting surface (8) of the array (4) such that the sound waves which can be emitted by the at least one individual transducer (3) can be coupled in in a preferred direction (11), which differs from a surface normal (12) running perpendicular to the coupling surface (8), when the ultrasonic test head (1) is placed onto the component (7).