Ultrasonic Sensor Object Classification via Envelope Shape Analysis

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing ultrasonic sensor systems struggle to accurately classify objects based on their height, leading to inaccurate object classification and potential unnecessary parking warnings.

Innovation Solution

The method involves determining the shape of the envelope corresponding to the amplitude of the ultrasonic waves received by the sensor, which allows for object classification without determining the height of the object. This is achieved by analyzing the number, width, and height of peaks in the envelope, and comparing these characteristics to a database of known shapes.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If object classification is based on height determination using ultrasonic sensors, then object classification can be performed, but measurement precision and reliability are insufficient leading to inaccurate classification

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveobject classification accuracyVSAvoidclassification reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the classification parameter from object height to envelope shape characteristics. Instead of measuring the height of objects directly, the system analyzes the shape of the amplitude envelope of received ultrasonic signals, which contains more discriminative information for classification. This parameter transformation resolves the contradiction by providing more reliable classification data.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent transitions from one-dimensional height measurement to analyzing the temporal shape characteristics of the envelope signal. By examining the envelope shape over time (including rise time, peak positions, and decay characteristics), the system gains additional dimensional information that improves classification accuracy and reliability beyond simple height measurements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Measurement precision

If height determination methods are used for object classification, then classification is possible, but the complexity of the system increases due to additional processing requirements

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveclassification accuracyVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts only the essential features needed for classification from the ultrasonic signal - specifically the envelope shape characteristics. By focusing on extracting and analyzing only the relevant envelope parameters (amplitude, rise time, peak positions) rather than processing the entire signal spectrum or performing complex 3D reconstruction, the system achieves high classification accuracy with reduced computational complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Adaptability or versatility

If traditional ultrasonic sensing is used, then basic distance detection is achieved, but object classification capability is insufficient leading to unnecessary parking warnings

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveobject classification capabilityVSAvoidwarning accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent performs preliminary analysis of the envelope shape characteristics before making classification decisions. By pre-processing the ultrasonic signals to extract and analyze envelope features (such as comparing rise times, peak amplitudes, and decay patterns against known object types), the system can reliably distinguish between different object classes (curbstones, poles, walls, vehicles) and suppress false parking warnings before they are generated.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enables precise object classification, reducing the need for height determination and minimizing unnecessary parking warnings, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of ultrasonic sensor systems.

Implementation Method 1

An oscillation generator is attached to an inner side of a bottom wall of the housing and configured to excite oscillations of the bottom wall, which, thus, acts as an oscillation membrane

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOscillation: Harmonic Oscillator

Implementation Method 2

ultrasonic waves, which are at least partly reflected by an object possibly arranged in an area of detection of the respective ultrasonic transducer, and typically received by the same ultrasonic transducer

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectReflection: Reflection

Implementation Method 3

The time of flight may be defined as a duration/timespan from sending/emitting the ultrasonic waves using the ultrasonic transducer until receiving the ultrasonic waves reflected by the object using the same ultrasonic transducer

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTime of flight: Time of Flight

Data Source

PatentEP4180840B1Method and device for determining a class of an object using an ultrasonic sensor
Publication Date: 2025.06.18 ELMOS SEMICON AG
  • EP4180840B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4180840B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP4180840B1 patent drawingFigure 5

AI summary

Provided is a method for determining a class of an object using an ultrasonic sensor system, wherein the method comprises driving the ultrasonic sensor system to emit ultrasonic waves; receiving the ultrasonic waves reflected by the object at the ultrasonic sensor system; determining a shape of an envelope corresponding to an amplitude of the ultrasonic waves received at the ultrasonic sensor system; and determining the class of the object based on the determined shape of the envelope.