Ultrasonic Sensor Dual Voltage Circuit Segmentation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing ultrasonic sensors face challenges in maintaining high reception sensitivity due to parasitic capacitance and voltage range issues during both transmission and reception, leading to decreased signal-to-noise ratios and potential damage to the reception circuit.
Innovation Solution
The ultrasonic sensor employs a dual voltage output circuit with a first voltage output unit connected to the first terminal for transmission and a second voltage output unit connected to the second terminal, using switching units to manage voltage levels and prevent overvoltage in the reception circuit, ensuring the second terminal is isolated during reception and maintaining voltages within safe ranges.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a single voltage output circuit is used for both transmission and reception, then the device complexity is reduced, but the reception sensitivity deteriorates due to parasitic capacitance and voltage range issues
Solution Approach 1:
The voltage output circuit is segmented into two independent circuits: a first voltage output circuit connected to the first terminal for transmission, and a second voltage output circuit connected to the second terminal for reception. This segmentation allows each circuit to be optimized for its specific function, preventing parasitic capacitance from degrading reception sensitivity while maintaining overall device manageability.
Solution Approach 2:
Different voltage levels and circuit characteristics are applied to different terminals based on their specific requirements. The first terminal receives high-voltage transmission signals, while the second terminal receives low-voltage reception signals. This local quality approach ensures that each terminal operates in its optimal voltage range without interfering with the other.
2Power
If high voltage is applied to the ultrasonic transducer during transmission, then the transmission power is improved, but the reception circuit may be damaged due to overvoltage
Solution Approach 1:
The circuit is segmented into transmission and reception paths with independent voltage output circuits. The first voltage output circuit supplies high voltage for transmission without affecting the second voltage output circuit that supplies low voltage for reception, thereby protecting the reception circuit from overvoltage damage.
Solution Approach 2:
Switching units act as intermediaries between the voltage output circuits and the ultrasonic transducer terminals. These switching units control the connection and disconnection of high voltage to the reception circuit, allowing high power transmission when needed while isolating the reception circuit during transmission to prevent damage.
3Speed
If the switching unit operates at high frequency, then the transmission frequency is improved, but the parasitic capacitance effect increases, reducing reception sensitivity
Solution Approach 1:
By separating the transmission and reception circuits, the parasitic capacitance of the transmission circuit does not affect the reception circuit. This allows the switching unit to operate at high frequencies for improved transmission without degrading reception sensitivity, as each circuit operates independently in its optimized frequency range.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enhances the reception sensitivity by preventing signal weakening and circuit damage, ensuring stable operation across varying voltage conditions and frequencies.
Implementation Method 1
an ultrasonic transducer, a first voltage output unit connected to a first terminal of the ultrasonic transducer
Implementation Method 2
detects a reception voltage signal generated at a second terminal of the ultrasonic transducer by the ultrasonic wave reflected by the object
Data Source
AI summary
An ultrasonic sensor includes an ultrasonic transducer; a first voltage output circuit to output a transmission voltage signal that oscillates between a first high voltage and a first low voltage, supplied to a first terminal of the ultrasonic transducer; a reception circuit to detect a voltage signal generated at a second terminal of the ultrasonic transducer; and the second voltage output circuit to output a second high voltage smaller than the first high voltage. The first voltage output circuit includes a first switching unit to perform switching between supplying the transmission voltage signal in ultrasonic transmission; and fixing a potential of the first terminal in ultrasonic reception. The second voltage output circuit includes a second switching unit that performs switching between supplying the second high voltage to the second terminal in ultrasonic transmission; and electrically separating the second voltage output circuit from the second terminal in ultrasonic reception.