Ultrasonic Transducer Arrangement for Multi-Angle Rail Inspection

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional ultrasonic testing systems for detecting defects in materials, particularly in rails, require multiple test heads and complex device technology, leading to increased time and cost due to the need for various sound directions and angles, and often suffer from superimposition of sound waves from different transducers.

Innovation Solution

A simplified ultrasonic probe system with a transducer arrangement that approximates a sector of an elementary wave using a curved linear array of transducer elements, allowing for simultaneous coverage of multiple angles with reduced superimposition of sound waves and a more compact test head design, utilizing a small number of transducer elements and enabling efficient energy distribution and data processing.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If multiple fixed-angle probes operating in parallel are used, then multiple sound directions are achieved, but device complexity and test time increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemultiple sound directionsVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines multiple transducer elements with different fixed angles into a single integrated probe head. This allows multiple sound directions to be achieved without requiring multiple separate probes, thereby reducing device complexity while maintaining the capability to inspect from multiple angles simultaneously

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The single probe head design performs multiple inspection functions that would traditionally require separate specialized probes. By integrating multiple transducer elements with different angles into one universal probe, the system achieves versatility without proportionally increasing device complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Adaptability or versatility

If phased array technology is used, then multiple angles are realized with a single probe, but instrumentation demands and test time increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemultiple anglesVSAvoidinstrumentation demands
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The probe head is segmented into multiple independent transducer elements, each with a fixed angle. This segmentation allows each element to operate independently with its own optimal angle, achieving multiple sound directions through simple hardware integration rather than complex phased array control systems

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Instead of using a single transducer element with electronically adjustable angles (phased array), the patent inverts the approach by using multiple fixed-angle elements. This hardware-based solution replaces complex electronic beam steering with simpler parallel operation of multiple dedicated transducers

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

3Adaptability or versatility

If multiple transducers are used, then coverage of multiple angles is achieved, but sound wave superimposition occurs

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoverage of multiple anglesVSAvoidsound wave superimposition
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

Each transducer element is designed with a specific fixed angle optimized for particular defect orientations. By assigning different angular characteristics to different elements, the system achieves local optimization where each element targets specific defect types, reducing unwanted sound wave interference while maintaining comprehensive coverage

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

4Reliability

If conventional ultrasonic testing systems are used, then defect detection is achieved, but time and cost increase due to complex device technology

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedefect detectionVSAvoidtesting speed
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The parallel operation of multiple transducer elements allows continuous inspection without the need to sequentially activate different probes or adjust angles. All elements can operate simultaneously, maintaining continuous useful action and significantly reducing inspection time while preserving reliable defect detection

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enables more efficient detection of defects with higher energy density and reduced device complexity, allowing for faster testing and improved result presentation, while maintaining manageable device technology and installation space, and enabling the use of simplified algorithms like SAFT.

Implementation Method 1

A connected device generates the electrical transmission pulses and receives the electrical signals from the ultrasonic transducer

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectUltrasonic transmission: Ultrasound

Implementation Method 2

These signals are generated when an echo, reflected or scattered, for example, from the back wall or a defect in the material, reaches it

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEcho: Echo

Implementation Method 3

The transducers enable, for example, a high energy input into the material being tested and the coverage of multiple angles of incidence simultaneously

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSound wave propagation: Sound

Implementation Method 4

The transducer arrangement according to the invention allows the simultaneous coverage of multiple angles of incidence and largely prevents overlap of sound waves coupled into the material by different transducers

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectWave superimposition: Interference

Data Source

PatentEP3709014B1Ultrasonic inspection head system and inspection method
Publication Date: 2024.11.20 BUNDESREPUBLIK DEUT VERTRETEN DURCH DEN BUNDESMINIST FUR WIRTSCHAFT & ENERGIE
  • EP3709014B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3709014B1 patent drawingFigure 2~4
  • EP3709014B1 patent drawingFigure 5~7

AI summary

The invention describes a transducer comprising at least three transducer elements that approximate a sector of an elementary wave with a virtual point source, as well as a transducer arrangement comprising three transducers comprising at least three transducer elements, wherein the transducers are arranged in cross-section along the shorter base and the two non-parallel legs of a virtual trapezoid. Furthermore, the invention relates to an ultrasonic probe system with the transducer arrangement according to the invention and a testing method with a transducer comprising at least three transducer elements, wherein the number of transducer elements is virtually magnified.