Ultrathin Graphdiyne Films via Copper Template Expansion
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods struggle to produce thin-layer or few-layer graphdiyne structures efficiently and introduce unwanted oxygen-containing functional groups, affecting subsequent modifications and applications.
Innovation Solution
A method involving controllable expansion of a copper substrate using a hard template approach, where copper-containing salts are mixed with salts like sodium chloride, heated in an inert atmosphere, and reacted with graphdiyne monomers to form ultrathin graphdiyne films, followed by acid treatment to remove copper and functional groups.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Stability of the object's composition
If strong oxidation is used to introduce intercalated oxygen functional groups for layering, then the layering effect is improved, but the alkyne bond content is reduced and oxygen-containing functional groups are difficult to remove
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and removes the harmful oxygen-containing functional groups through acid treatment after the graphdiyne is formed. The acid washing step specifically targets and removes these groups without affecting the graphdiyne structure, thereby eliminating the harmful effect while preserving the layering structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary action by using a copper-containing salt template during the synthesis process to control the layering structure formation. The copper template guides the growth of graphdiyne into a layered structure before the harmful oxygen groups are introduced, allowing the structure to be formed first and then cleaned.
2Manufacturing precision
If conventional preparation methods are used, then micron-scale or 1-100 nm nano-scale graphdiyne film is obtained, but thin-layer or few-layer structure cannot be obtained in batches
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a copper-containing salt as an intermediary template that enables both precise thickness control and batch production. The copper template acts as a mediator that guides the formation of ultrathin graphdiyne layers uniformly across the entire substrate, allowing batch production of few-layer structures with controlled thickness.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the synthesis parameters by controlling the copper salt concentration, heating temperature (200-450°C), and reaction time to achieve precise thickness control. By adjusting these parameters, the patent can produce ultrathin graphdiyne films with specific layer numbers in batch mode.
3Object-generated harmful factors
If copper substrate expansion is used for bottom-up synthesis, then intrinsic thin-layer graphdiyne is obtained, but additional processing steps are required
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes the copper template through acid treatment and washing steps. This extraction process eliminates the need for additional purification steps while obtaining clean intrinsic graphdiyne, as the copper is completely removed leaving no harmful residues.
Solution Approach 2:
The copper-containing salt template serves a dual function: it guides the formation of ultrathin layers during synthesis and then serves as a removable component that is easily eliminated through simple acid washing. The template essentially services the process by enabling controlled growth and then self-removal.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method enables the production of intrinsic ultrathin graphdiyne films and derivatives with uniform thicknesses down to 1 nm, avoiding unwanted functional groups and facilitating controlled preparation of various structures.
Implementation Method 1
putting the mixed powder into a closed heating environment, heating the mixed powder to 200-450° C. in an atmosphere of inert gas and hydrogen
Implementation Method 2
heating the mixed powder to 200-450° C. in an atmosphere of inert gas and hydrogen, maintaining hydrogen introduction and the heating temperature for 2-4 hours
Implementation Method 3
adding a solvent, then dropwise adding an acetone solution containing a monomer of graphdiyne or a derivative thereof, stirring the mixture at 50-180° C. until finishing dropwise adding, maintaining the temperature for 1-2 days
Implementation Method 4
soaking the powder with dilute hydrochloric acid for 1-3 days, carrying out suction filtration with deionized water
Implementation Method 5
then cooling the mixed powder to room temperature
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed is a method for controllably preparing nano-scale ultrathin graphdiyne and a derivative thereof. The method comprises the following steps of: mixing and ball-milling a substance A and a substance B to obtain mixed powder, wherein the substance A is a copper-containing salt, and the substance B is a salt which is insoluble in acetone and pyridine, soluble in water or acid and indecomposable within 200° C.; putting the mixed powder into a closed heating environment, heating the mixed powder at 200-450° C., cooling the mixed powder to room temperature, then dropwise adding an acetone solution containing a monomer of graphdiyne or a derivative thereof, maintaining the temperature for 1-2 days, and then cooling the mixture to room temperature; and then, soaking the powder with diluted hydrochloric acid for 1-3 days, followed by suction filtration, and freeze-drying to obtain a nano-scale ultrathin film of graphdiyne and a derivative thereof.