Umbilical Cord Stem Cell Isolation for Low-Rejection Therapy
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Solution Overview
Problem
Clinical translation of various cell types for therapeutic applications in humans and animals is limited due to allogenic issues, hindering their effective use in treating conditions such as COPD, diabetes, ischemia, osteoarthritis, and autoimmune disorders.
Innovation Solution
Isolation and culture of stem cells from the subepithelial layer of mammalian umbilical cord tissue, which express specific markers and do not express others, allowing for self-renewal and differentiation into various cell types, and can be administered to treat medical conditions without the use of animal products or enzymes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If stem cells are used for therapeutic applications, then treatment effectiveness is improved, but allogenic immune rejection occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The invention segments the umbilical cord tissue into specific layers (subepithelial layer) to isolate stem cells with desired properties. By focusing on a specific tissue segment rather than using whole tissue or conventional sources, the patent obtains cells that are both therapeutically effective and hypoimmunogenic.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by identifying that stem cells in the subepithelial layer of the umbilical cord possess unique characteristics (hypoimmunogenicity while maintaining differentiation capacity) that differ from stem cells in other locations. This localized approach allows therapeutic use without triggering strong immune responses.
2Quantity of substance
If stem cells are cultured and expanded, then cell quantity is increased, but culture complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary action by pre-isolating and characterizing stem cells from the subepithelial layer with specific marker profiles before therapeutic application. This preliminary isolation and expansion in controlled culture conditions allows for standardized cell products that can be scaled without proportionally increasing complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes parameter changes by defining specific cell surface markers (CD29, CD73, CD90, CD166, SSEA4, CD9, CD44, CD146, CD105) that remain consistent during culture expansion. By monitoring and maintaining these parameters, the culture process becomes more predictable and manageable, allowing cell quantity increase without proportional complexity increase.
3Adaptability or versatility
If differentiated cell types are generated, then therapeutic versatility is improved, but differentiation control difficulty increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies feedback by using specific cell surface markers as indicators to monitor and control differentiation status. The consistent expression patterns of markers like CD29, CD73, CD90, and others serve as feedback signals that allow researchers to track and control differentiation into various cell types (adipocytes, chondrocytes, osteocytes, cardiomyocytes) systematically.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent achieves universality by demonstrating that stem cells from the subepithelial layer can differentiate into multiple cell types (adipocytes, chondrocytes, osteocytes, cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, myocytes) while maintaining hypoimmunogenicity. This multi-functionality provides therapeutic versatility across different conditions without requiring different cell sources.
Data Source
AI summary
Various cells, stem cells, and stem cell components, including associated methods of generating and using such cells are provided. In one aspect, for example, an isolated cell that is capable of self-renewal and culture expansion and is obtained from a subepithelial layer of a mammalian umbilical cord tissue. Such an isolated cell expresses at least three cell markers selected from CD29, CD73, CD90, CD166, SSEA4, CD9, CD44, CD146, or CD105, and does not express at least three cell markers selected from CD45, CD34, CD14, CD79, CD106, CD86, CD80, CD19, CD117, Stro-1, or HLA-DR.