Unified Serial Bus for Vehicle ADAS Signal Routing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current vehicle systems face challenges in routing and managing multiple high-speed bus connections for Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS), such as camera and radar systems, due to complex signal routing, limited data rates, and the need for multiple dedicated bus systems, which increases engineering effort and costs.
Innovation Solution
Implementing a common serial bus system connected to all processing units/ECUs, using convertor units to convert data from various bus types into single serial data streams for transmission, allowing for aggregation of multiple high-speed buses onto a single common bus with reduced cabling and simplified signal routing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If multiple dedicated high-speed bus systems are used for different ADAS functions, then data transmission reliability is improved, but device complexity and routing difficulty increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple dedicated high-speed bus systems (PCIe, CSI, USB, Ethernet) into a single unified bus architecture. Instead of maintaining separate physical bus connections for different ADAS functions, the invention integrates them into one shared bus system, thereby reducing the number of connections from dozens to just one, while maintaining data transmission reliability through protocol-level management.
Solution Approach 2:
The unified bus system is designed to support multiple bus protocols and functions simultaneously. A single bus connection can dynamically handle different types of data traffic (camera data via CSI, peripheral devices via USB, storage via PCIe, network via Ethernet) based on the communication requirements, making the bus universal and multi-functional rather than dedicated to specific functions.
2Speed
If multiple parallel high-speed lines are routed for each bus, then data transfer speed is improved, but routing complexity and electromagnetic compatibility issues worsen
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple parallel high-speed lines from different bus types into a single integrated communication channel. Instead of routing separate parallel line bundles for PCIe, CSI, USB, and Ethernet, the invention consolidates them into one physical connection, dramatically reducing the number of traces that need to be routed and thereby reducing electromagnetic interference and routing complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The unified bus system acts as an intermediary layer between processing units and peripheral devices. Rather than directly connecting multiple parallel high-speed lines between devices, the unified bus mediates all communications, converting and managing data streams from different protocols through a single interface, which simplifies the physical routing requirements.
3Ease of operation
If several bus systems are routed over a common connector, then ease of connection is improved, but signal routing complexity and impedance control difficulty increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple bus systems into a single unified bus connection that uses one common connector. Instead of requiring separate connectors for PCIe, CSI, USB, and Ethernet buses, the invention consolidates all these connections into a single physical interface, making connections easier while reducing the number of signal traces that require precise impedance control.
Solution Approach 2:
The common connector is designed as a universal interface that can handle multiple types of data transmissions through a single connection. The unified bus system provides multi-functionality, allowing the same physical connector and trace to dynamically support different protocols and data rates, eliminating the need for multiple specialized connectors and their associated routing complexities.
4Adaptability or versatility
If dedicated busses are provided for each ADAS system, then adaptability to different functions is improved, but device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The unified bus system is designed with universal compatibility to support multiple ADAS functions and protocols. A single bus connection can adapt to different communication requirements (camera data, radar data, sensor data, control signals) through protocol management, providing the same level of function adaptability as dedicated buses but with much lower complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The bus system incorporates dynamic adaptability where the communication characteristics (data rate, protocol, bandwidth allocation) can be dynamically adjusted based on the specific ADAS function being served. This dynamic behavior allows the same physical bus to adapt to different functions in real-time, replacing the need for static dedicated bus assignments.
Data Source
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Figure 3
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AI summary
An on-board automotive system comprising a plurality of processing units adapted to transmit data between said processing units via a common bus, where one or more of said processing units has a convertor unit associated therewith, said convertor unit being connected to a parallel bus of the processing unit from which data is transmitted, said parallel bus comprising a plurality of lines, and wherein said converter is adapted to convert data transmitted therefrom to one or more of said processing units in the form of a single serial data stream along said common bus.