Universal AC DC Charging Apparatus for Mobile Vehicles
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing charging apparatuses for mobile vehicles are inefficient in adapting to different types of power sources, as they are typically designed for either AC or DC power, limiting their versatility and effectiveness in charging rechargeable batteries.
Innovation Solution
A charging apparatus with alternating current- and direct current-charging functions that includes a filtering unit, DC/DC conversion units, and a control unit, allowing it to receive and convert both AC and DC power sources into the required DC voltage and current for charging a rechargeable battery, utilizing switch units, filtering and rectifying units, and power factor correcting units to adapt to different input power sources.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a charging apparatus is designed for a specific power source type (AC or DC), then the charging circuit can be simplified, but the adaptability to different power sources deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The charging apparatus is designed with a universal charging circuit that can accept both AC and DC power sources through a single interface. The circuit incorporates switching elements and control logic that automatically detect the input power type and adjust the charging parameters accordingly, enabling one apparatus to serve multiple power source types without requiring separate dedicated circuits for AC and DC charging.
2Adaptability or versatility
If a charging apparatus supports multiple power source types, then the adaptability improves, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The charging circuit employs dynamic switching mechanisms that can reconfigure the circuit topology based on the detected power source type. Control units monitor the input characteristics and dynamically adjust switching element states, impedance matching networks, and charging parameters to optimize performance for either AC or DC input, thereby managing complexity through intelligent control rather than fixed hardware configurations.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The apparatus provides adaptive AC- or DC-charging functions, ensuring efficient charging of rechargeable batteries regardless of the external power source, enhancing charging reliability, safety, and speed by combining multiple small-power DC/DC conversion units for increased power output.
Implementation Method 1
The EMI filter 102A of the charging apparatus 10A is electrically connected to an external AC power source Vs to eliminate the noise in the AC power source Vs, thus preventing the conductive electromagnetic interference.
Implementation Method 2
The power factor corrector 104A is electrically connected to the EMI filter 102A to improve the power factor of the converted DC power source.
Implementation Method 3
The non-isolated/isolated DC/DC converter 106A is electrically connected to the power factor corrector 104A to provide the required DC voltage level.
Data Source
AI summary
A charging apparatus with alternating current- and direct current-charging functions for a mobile vehicle is disclosed. The charging apparatus receives an external direct current (DC) power source or an external alternating current (AC) power source and converts the DC power source or the AC power source into the required voltage and current for charging a rechargeable battery installed in the charging apparatus. The charging apparatus mainly includes a DC/DC conversion unit, an integrated DC/DC conversion and PFC unit, and a control unit. The control unit detects that the external power source is the DC power source or the AC power source. Furthermore, the charging apparatus controls the DC/DC conversion unit and the integrated DC/DC conversion and PFC unit according the type of the detected external power source, thus providing the required DC voltage level and charging current to the rechargeable battery.