Universal BMD Estimation for Emergency Radiogrammetry
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for estimating Bone Mineral Density (BMD) using radiogrammetry are challenging in emergency situations where specific protocols for acquiring radiograms cannot be followed, leading to inefficiencies and unreliability in assessing bone fracture risk.
Innovation Solution
A method that calculates BMD using a universal constant (A) independent of image acquisition modalities, allowing for BMD estimation with an error of up to 10% without adhering to specific protocols, which does not significantly impact the assessment of bone fracture risk.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If specific protocols are followed for acquiring radiograms, then measurement precision of BMD is improved, but ease of operation deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent develops a universal calibration approach where a single calibration curve can be used across different X-ray systems and protocols. The method makes the BMD measurement system universal by eliminating the need for system-specific calibrations, allowing the same calibration to work for various image acquisition modalities and emergency situations.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the calibration parameters from system-specific values to universal values that account for variations in acquisition protocols. By introducing correction factors and universal reference standards, the method transforms the calibration parameters to be independent of specific imaging conditions, enabling accurate BMD measurements without strict protocol adherence.
2Reliability
If specific protocols are followed for acquiring radiograms, then reliability of BMD estimation is improved, but productivity deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The universal calibration curve enables the BMD estimation system to function reliably across different protocols and emergency situations without requiring re-calibration. This multi-functionality allows the system to maintain reliability while increasing productivity by eliminating the time-consuming protocol adherence requirements.
3Measurement precision
If calibration is performed for each type of image source, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent eliminates the need for multiple calibrations for different image sources by developing a universal calibration approach. A single calibration curve can be applied across various X-ray systems and detectors, significantly reducing device complexity while maintaining measurement precision through universal reference standards and correction algorithms.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables reliable fracture risk prediction despite the error in BMD estimation, allowing for effective evaluation of bone fragility even in emergency situations, with the BMD values providing accurate fracture risk assessment.
Implementation Method 1
obtaining two-dimensional image data comprising information relating to a cortical bone tissue of a first bone or at least part of said first bone, the image data being data acquired by exposing at least part of said first bone to electromagnetic radiation
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a method for estimating the Bone Mineral Density (BMD) using image data collected in emergency situation, i.e. without following specific protocols. In particular, the invention discloses a method for assessing the risk of bone fractures using as one indicator a BMD of one or more bones. The BMD is calculated using a universal constant which provides a value of BMD having a certain error in respect to its true value. However this error does not substantially affect the assessment of the risk of fracture of one or more bones.