Universal HPV Detection Probes Reducing Kit Complexity
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current HPV detection methods are complex, expensive, and limited in their ability to detect multiple subtypes of HPV, particularly in developing countries, due to the need for multiple specific probes and low sensitivity, which hinders effective cervical cancer prevention and diagnosis.
Innovation Solution
The use of isolated nucleic acid molecules with specific nucleotide sequences, including LNA modified bases, as probes in combination with PCR and DNA chips to detect multiple HPV subtypes with a reduced number of probes, enabling the detection of at least 36 commonly seen subtypes using various combinations of 2 to 4 probes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If one nucleotide probe specific for each HPV subtype is used, then detection precision for specific subtypes is improved, but device complexity and cost increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies universality by designing a single nucleotide probe sequence that can detect multiple HPV subtypes simultaneously. Instead of requiring separate probes for each of the 200+ HPV subtypes, the invention uses one universal probe that hybridizes to conserved regions across multiple subtypes, thereby reducing device complexity while maintaining detection precision for the panel of subtypes covered by the universal probe.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent merges the function of multiple subtype-specific probes into a single universal probe. By combining the detection capability for multiple HPV subtypes into one probe that targets conserved genomic regions, the invention reduces the number of probes needed from hundreds to a single probe, significantly simplifying the detection system while maintaining the ability to detect multiple subtypes.
2Measurement precision
If one nucleotide probe specific for each HPV subtype is used, then detection precision for specific subtypes is improved, but cost increases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies universality by designing a single nucleotide probe sequence that can detect multiple HPV subtypes simultaneously. Instead of requiring separate probes for each of the 200+ HPV subtypes, the invention uses one universal probe that hybridizes to conserved regions across multiple subtypes, thereby reducing device complexity while maintaining detection precision for the panel of subtypes covered by the universal probe.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent merges the function of multiple subtype-specific probes into a single universal probe. By combining the detection capability for multiple HPV subtypes into one probe that targets conserved genomic regions, the invention reduces the number of probes needed from hundreds to a single probe, significantly simplifying the detection system while maintaining the ability to detect multiple subtypes.
3Reliability
If chemiluminescence signal amplification technology is used, then detection capability is improved, but signal to noise ratio decreases at low target concentration
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the chemiluminescence signal amplification system with a PCR-based detection system. Instead of relying on chemiluminescence amplification that suffers from low signal-to-noise ratios at low target concentrations, the invention uses PCR to amplify the target HPV DNA before detection, providing superior sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio while maintaining reliable detection capability.
4Reliability
If RNA probes are used, then detection capability is improved, but kit stability decreases and contamination risk increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameter of the probe from RNA to DNA. By using DNA probes instead of RNA probes, the invention maintains detection capability while significantly improving kit stability and reducing contamination risk, as DNA is more chemically stable and less prone to degradation and contamination than RNA.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach reduces the complexity and cost of HPV detection kits, enhances detection sensitivity, and allows for the identification of commonly seen and high-risk HPV subtypes, improving cervical cancer diagnosis and prevention, especially in resource-limited settings.
Implementation Method 1
The use of isolated nucleic acid molecules with specific nucleotide sequences, including LNA modified bases, as probes in combination with PCR and DNA chips to detect multiple HPV subtypes
Implementation Method 2
The HCII is further subdivided into high risk and low risk types, which detect HPV DNA directly using liquid hybridization in clinical samples without amplification of the target viral DNA and instead it uses the chemiluminescence signal amplification technology
Implementation Method 3
The use of isolated nucleic acid molecules with specific nucleotide sequences, including LNA modified bases, as probes
Implementation Method 4
The HCII is further subdivided into high risk and low risk types, which detect HPV DNA directly using liquid hybridization in clinical samples without amplification of the target viral DNA and instead it uses the chemiluminescence signal amplification technology
Data Source
Figure 1
AI summary
Various sequences as detection probes for human papillomavirus (HPV), in which each of these sequences is able to detect multiple subtypes of HPV, are provided. HPV detection chips, detection kits comprising these probes and HPV detection method by using these probes are also provided. With the sequences of the current invention, it is possible to detect commonly seen 38 subtypes of HPV, including those of high risk, with various combinations of the sequences of the current invention.