Unstable Resonator Beam Shaping Without Diffraction Apertures

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing laser systems face challenges in generating a top-hat intensity distribution without introducing apertures, which leads to diffraction effects, limited extraction efficiency, and are restricted to high gain media like neodymium doped materials, limiting their applicability and operational modes.

Innovation Solution

A laser system with an end-pumped unstable resonator layout using a spatially shaped optical pump beam to generate a top-hat intensity profile without apertures, utilizing beam splitters or polarizers for output coupling, allowing low gain materials like ytterbium doped media and enabling modes like q-switching and regenerative amplification.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Shape

If hard apertures or scraping mirrors are used to limit beam size in unstable resonators, then beam clipping is avoided, but the output beam develops undesirable geometrical shapes and significant diffraction effects distort the beam profile

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebeam profile qualityVSAvoiddiffraction effects
Core Design Contradiction:
ShapeVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The invention extracts the beam limiting function from physical apertures and scraping mirrors, replacing it with an optical pumping scheme that selectively amplifies only the desired central portion of the beam. The pump beam is shaped to match the desired output profile, and gain saturation naturally limits the amplified beam size without requiring physical masks or apertures that cause diffraction.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The mechanical/optical system of hard apertures and scraping mirrors is replaced with an optical pumping system. Instead of physically blocking or scraping portions of the beam, the invention uses spatially selective optical pumping to create a gain distribution that naturally produces the desired beam profile without mechanical intervention, thereby eliminating diffraction from sharp edges.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Shape

If hard apertures are used to limit beam size, then beam clipping is prevented, but laser energy is wasted due to absorption

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebeam size controlVSAvoidenergy absorption by aperture
Core Design Contradiction:
ShapeVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The invention removes the energy-absorbing aperture from the system and replaces it with a gain-based limiting mechanism. The pump beam spatial profile is designed to provide gain only in the desired output region, and gain saturation automatically limits the beam size without requiring physical apertures that absorb and waste laser energy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The mechanical aperture system that absorbs energy is replaced with an optical pumping system that controls beam size through gain distribution. The pump beam intensity profile is shaped to match the desired output, and the amplification process naturally limits beam size through gain saturation, eliminating the need for energy-absorbing apertures.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Productivity

If the intra resonator intensity fills the aperture completely to avoid clipping, then beam utilization is maximized, but extraction efficiency is limited due to required margin for clipping avoidance

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveextraction efficiencyVSAvoidbeam aperture utilization
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSShape

Solution Approach 1:

The invention extracts the beam size limiting function from geometric constraints and apertures, replacing it with gain-based control. The pump beam is shaped to define the desired output profile, and gain saturation naturally limits the amplified beam size, allowing the intra-resonator beam to fully utilize the aperture without requiring margins for clipping avoidance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the control parameter for beam size from geometric constraints (aperture dimensions, mirror geometry) to optical gain parameters (pump beam intensity profile, gain saturation). This allows the beam to be shaped and sized by the pump distribution rather than by hard geometric limits, maximizing aperture utilization while maintaining extraction efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

4Stability of the object's composition

If stable resonator layout is used, then same intensity distribution is generated after every round-trip, but the beam profile exhibits Gaussian distribution requiring large aperture optics

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveintensity distribution stabilityVSAvoidaperture size
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSArea of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The invention extracts the beam profile shaping function from the resonator mode structure and replaces it with optical pumping. Instead of relying on the resonator to generate a specific mode pattern, the pump beam is shaped to directly create the desired intensity distribution, which is then amplified by the gain medium. This allows top-hat or other non-Gaussian profiles without requiring large apertures.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the determining factor for beam profile from resonator mode structure (which produces Gaussian profiles) to pump beam spatial distribution (which can be shaped to produce top-hat or other profiles). By controlling the pump intensity profile and using gain saturation, the system generates desired beam shapes independent of resonator geometry, reducing aperture requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system achieves a homogeneous top-hat beam profile with high extraction efficiency, mitigating diffraction and round-trip losses, supporting a wide range of laser materials and operational modes.

Implementation Method 1

an end-pumped unstable resonator layout using a spatially shaped optical pump beam to generate a top-hat intensity profile

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOptical pumping: Pump

Implementation Method 2

utilizing beam splitters or polarizers for output coupling

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPolarization: Polarisation

Data Source

PatentEP3729573B1A laser system providing a shaped intensity profile of an output beam within an unstable optical resonator layout and method thereof
Publication Date: 2025.09.03 FYZIKALNI USTAV AV CR V V I
  • EP3729573B1 patent drawingFigure 1~3
  • EP3729573B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5
  • EP3729573B1 patent drawing

AI summary

The present invention relates to a laser system and a method of generating a defined spatial mode-shaped laser beam using an unstable laser resonator layout. The laser system for mode shaping of a laser beam (7) within an unstable optical resonator layout comprising an active medium (3), characterized in that, the active media (3) comprises a pumped area (4), wherein the gain distribution is generated by an optical pump beam's spatially intensity profile. In a preferred embodiment, the system may further comprise an end-pumped layout to deliver the spatially shaped optical pump beam (6) to the active medium (3); and/or an active element and/or a passive element for modifying the resonator losses; and/or means of output coupling of a laser beam from said unstable resonator layout. The system according to the present invention is suitable to deliver a top-hat beam profile.