Up-Tower Electrolysis Hydrogen Transport Line

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing wind turbines face challenges in safely and cost-effectively producing hydrogen on-site due to the risk of hydrogen leaks and explosions within the turbine structure, particularly when an electrolysis system is integrated, and the need for expensive grid-compliant converters.

Innovation Solution

The wind turbine integrates an electrolysis system in an up-tower part, with a hydrogen transport line extending along the exterior surface of the tower, using a transport line guiding mechanism to ensure safe yawing movements and minimize leakage risks, and omits costly DC/AC converters.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If an electrolysis system is integrated into the wind turbine, then hydrogen production efficiency is improved, but safety risk increases due to potential hydrogen leaks and explosions within the turbine structure

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvehydrogen production efficiencyVSAvoidsafety risk from hydrogen leaks
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The hydrogen transport line is extracted from the interior of the tower and positioned along the exterior surface. This separates the hydrogen transport pathway from the enclosed turbine structure, allowing hydrogen to be transported away from sensitive components while maintaining production efficiency. The line extends from the electrolysis system at the top of the tower down to ground level, keeping hydrogen outside the nacelle and tower interior.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The exterior hydrogen transport line acts as an intermediary pathway that connects the electrolysis system to the external environment without passing through the turbine's interior spaces. This mediator structure enables hydrogen removal while preventing direct exposure to critical components like the generator and converter, thus reducing explosion risks.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Adaptability or versatility

If a DC/AC converter is installed for grid-compliant power conversion, then electrical energy can be transported to central facilities, but system cost increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrical energy transport capabilityVSAvoidsystem cost
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The DC/AC converter is extracted from the wind turbine system entirely. Instead of converting DC power to AC for grid transport, the system uses DC power directly from the generator to drive the electrolysis system. This eliminates the need for expensive DC/AC conversion equipment while maintaining the ability to produce hydrogen using the generated electrical energy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The power generation and hydrogen production functions are merged into a single integrated system. The generator produces DC power that is directly consumed by the electrolysis system without intermediate conversion steps. This combination eliminates redundant equipment and reduces overall system complexity and cost.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Reliability

If the hydrogen transport line extends along the exterior surface of the tower, then safety is improved by minimizing leakage risks inside the turbine, but device complexity increases due to the transport line guiding mechanism

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesafety against fires and explosionsVSAvoidtransport line guiding mechanism
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The hydrogen transport line is extracted from the tower interior and routed along the exterior surface. This physical relocation removes the primary safety hazard from the enclosed turbine environment, allowing hydrogen to be transported outside where it cannot cause explosions within the nacelle or tower. The guiding mechanism at the top of the tower manages the transition from interior to exterior routing.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration allows safe and cost-effective hydrogen production by reducing the risk of fires and explosions, minimizing power conversion losses, and avoiding the need for expensive grid-compliant converters.

Implementation Method 1

an electrolysis system connected to a DC power output of the AC/DC converter for producing hydrogen

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrolysis: Electrolysis

Data Source

PatentEP4437227B1A wind turbine with an up-tower electrolysis system
Publication Date: 2025.10.08 VESTAS WIND SYSTEMS AS
  • EP4437227B1 patent drawingFigure 1A~1B
  • EP4437227B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4437227B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A wind turbine (1) comprising a tower (2), a nacelle (3) mounted rotatably on the tower (2) via a yaw system (8) and a hub (4) carrying one or more wind turbine blades (5) is disclosed. The wind turbine (1) further comprises a generator (23), an AC/DC converter (24) connected to the generator (23) and an electrolysis system (25) connected to a DC power output of the AC/DC converter (24) for producing hydrogen. The electrolysis system (25) is arranged in an up-tower part of the wind turbine (1), e.g. in the nacelle (3). The wind turbine (1) further comprises a hydrogen transport line (6) connected to the electrolysis system (25) for transporting hydrogen produced by the electrolysis system (25) away from the electrolysis system (25), the hydrogen transport line (6) extending along an exterior surface of the tower (2) from the position of the electrolysis system (25) to a lower part of the tower (2).