Bi-directional MOSFET Switch for UPS Battery Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems lack intelligent control for backup battery power, leading to inefficiencies and reliability issues in providing continuous power to loads.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of a system that uses metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) to control both charging and discharging of the backup battery, providing redundant failure detection and protection, and allowing for the use of transistors to form a bi-directional switch, enabling intelligent control over battery power delivery and fault protection.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional UPS systems use battery backup without intelligent control, then backup power is provided during primary power failure, but efficiency and reliability of backup power are reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the battery charging control and battery backup control into a single integrated circuit using a bi-directional switch. The same switch and control logic that manages battery charging during normal operation also controls battery discharge during power failure, eliminating the need for separate control circuits and improving reliability while maintaining simplicity.
Solution Approach 2:
The bi-directional switch serves multiple functions: it controls battery charging during normal operation, controls battery discharge during power failure, and provides overcurrent protection in both directions. This multi-functionality reduces the number of components needed and improves system reliability by using proven components for multiple purposes.
2Productivity
If a bi-directional switch is used to control battery charging and discharging, then intelligent control and efficiency are improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the charging control and discharging control functions into a single bi-directional switch circuit. Instead of using separate switches and control circuits for charging and discharging, the invention uses one bi-directional switch that can control current flow in both directions, thereby improving efficiency while avoiding the complexity of multiple separate control circuits.
Solution Approach 2:
The bi-directional switch provides multiple functions including charging control, discharging control, and overcurrent protection for both charging and discharging paths. This multi-functionality achieves intelligent control and improved efficiency without proportionally increasing device complexity, as a single component performs what would traditionally require multiple components.
3Reliability
If redundant failure detection is implemented using transistors, then reliability of backup power is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent integrates the failure detection function into the existing bi-directional switch control circuitry. The control logic that manages the bi-directional switch also monitors for failure conditions, eliminating the need for separate detection circuits. This approach improves reliability through redundant detection while avoiding additional complexity by using the same control infrastructure.
4Reliability
If transistors are used to control charging and discharging current rates, then efficiency and protection are improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines current rate control and battery protection functions into the bi-directional switch control circuit. The same control logic that regulates charging current also regulates discharging current and provides overcurrent protection, eliminating the need for separate control circuits and reducing overall complexity while improving reliability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution enhances the efficiency and reliability of UPS systems by allowing for intelligent control of battery power, protecting the battery from overcurrent and voltage faults, and enabling hot swapping of batteries without interrupting system operation.
Implementation Method 1
a set of metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) coupled in series with each other and coupled to a backup battery to control both charging and discharging of the backup battery
Data Source
AI summary
Systems and methods for providing an uninterruptible power supply are disclosed herein. The system includes a power converter component that concurrently provides power to a load and charges a battery by using a primary power source. The system also includes a backup component that delivers power from the battery to the load during a primary power failure. Additionally, a set of series transistors are coupled to the battery to control charging current and discharging current of the battery.