UPS Phase Selection Control for Power Loss Reduction

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Solution Overview

Problem

Uninterruptible power supplies (UPSs) face inefficiencies in power distribution, particularly when operating under varying load conditions, as they often use all three phases of input power regardless of load levels, leading to unnecessary power loss.

Innovation Solution

A UPS system that dynamically adjusts the number of phases used for power input based on load levels, transitioning from one to three phases as needed, utilizing a controller to monitor parameters like voltage and current to optimize phase selection and minimize power loss.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of energy

If all three phases of input power are used continuously, then the UPS can handle high load conditions, but power loss increases during low load operation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower lossVSAvoidload handling capability
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The UPS system dynamically adjusts the number of active input phases based on real-time load conditions. The controller monitors load parameters and switches between one-phase, two-phase, and three-phase operation modes, making the system adaptable rather than static. This dynamic adjustment resolves the contradiction by reducing power loss during low load while maintaining full three-phase capability when needed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes the operational parameter of phase configuration from a fixed three-phase mode to a variable mode (one-phase, two-phase, or three-phase). By changing this parameter based on load conditions, the system optimizes power utilization and reduces energy loss during light load operation while preserving the ability to handle high load conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Loss of energy

If the UPS operates in one-phase mode during low load, then energy efficiency improves, but the system must rapidly transition to three-phase mode when load increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower lossVSAvoidpower supply stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The controller continuously monitors load parameters and anticipates load changes, preparing for phase transitions in advance. By detecting when load approaches threshold values, the system can smoothly transition between phase configurations before power instability occurs, maintaining reliability while operating in efficient low-phase modes during light load conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The system employs feedback control where the controller continuously monitors load conditions and adjusts the number of active phases accordingly. This closed-loop control ensures that the UPS transitions between one-phase, two-phase, and three-phase modes based on real-time feedback, resolving the contradiction by maintaining stability through continuous adaptation rather than causing disruptions through abrupt changes.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

3Productivity

If the UPS uses three phases during low load, then power availability is maximized, but system efficiency decreases due to unnecessary power consumption

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower availabilityVSAvoidenergy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The system extracts only the necessary number of phases required to handle the current load. Instead of continuously using all three phases, the controller determines the minimum required phases (one, two, or three) based on load conditions, removing unnecessary phase connections during low load operation. This resolves the contradiction by maintaining adequate power availability while eliminating wasteful energy consumption from unused phases.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The system applies partial action by using only one or two phases instead of all three when the load does not require full three-phase power. This partial utilization of available phases optimizes energy consumption while still providing sufficient power availability for the current load level, resolving the contradiction between maximizing power availability and minimizing energy consumption.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

Data Source

PatentEP3028366B1Uninterruptible power supply control
Publication Date: 2019.06.26 SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC IT CORP
  • EP3028366B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3028366B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3028366B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Systems and methods of controlling an uninterruptible power supply are provided. The uninterruptible power supply includes an input configured to receive input power having three phases, an output configured to provide output power, a power conversion circuit coupled with the input and the output, one or more sensors configured to monitor one or more parameters related to the output power, and a controller coupled with the power conversion circuit and the one or more sensors. The controller is configured to receive, from the one or more sensors, values for the one or more parameters, and based on the values for the one or more parameters, select a number of phases of the input power for receiving power for the power conversion circuit.