UPS Slope Control Circuit for Stable Battery-to-Generator Transition
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional uninterruptible power supplies (UPS) experience instability and oscillations during transitions from battery to AC line power, leading to repeated mode changes and excessive battery consumption due to high current flow, which can damage generators and disrupt power supply.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating a slope control and selection circuit that manages the voltage transition from battery to generator power, using a voltage boost circuit to smoothly increase the power bus voltage to match the generator's output, thereby minimizing inrush current and ensuring stable power transfer.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If the voltage boost circuit rapidly boosts the power bus voltage during transition from battery to AC line mode, then the transition speed is improved, but high current flow and oscillations occur causing generator instability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by making the voltage boost circuit's operation adjustable rather than fixed. The controller modulates the voltage boost circuit to provide different boost levels during different phases of the transition, enabling both rapid initial response and controlled stabilization. This dynamic adjustment resolves the contradiction between fast transition and generator stability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the voltage parameter dynamically during the transition process. The controller adjusts the power bus voltage in a controlled manner, initially boosting it rapidly then gradually reducing the boost level as the generator stabilizes. This parameter change strategy allows fast transition while preventing excessive current flow that would destabilize the generator.
2Reliability
If the voltage boost circuit provides high voltage boost during battery backup mode, then the power bus voltage is maintained, but excessive battery energy is consumed during extended outages
Solution Approach 1:
The patent makes the voltage boost level dynamic rather than static. During battery backup mode, the controller adjusts the voltage boost circuit to provide only the minimum necessary boost to maintain power bus voltage stability. This dynamic adjustment reduces battery energy consumption while maintaining reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the voltage boost parameter based on operating conditions. The controller monitors the power bus voltage and adjusts the boost level accordingly, providing higher boost only when necessary to maintain stability and reducing it when the generator is stabilizing or when battery conservation is critical. This resolves the contradiction between voltage stability and energy consumption.
3Duration of action of moving object
If the UPS switches from battery power to generator power during extended outages, then the power supply duration is extended, but high inrush current occurs causing mode switching instability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by having the controller prepare the power bus voltage through controlled boosting before the generator fully takes over. This preliminary voltage adjustment prevents sudden inrush current when the generator connects, ensuring stable mode switching while enabling extended power supply duration.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the voltage parameter progressively during the transition from battery to generator power. The controller gradually adjusts the power bus voltage to match the generator output, preventing abrupt parameter changes that would cause instability. This enables extended operation while maintaining switching stability.
4Reliability
If the voltage boost circuit operates continuously during AC line mode, then the power bus voltage is maintained above nominal level, but energy waste occurs and generator instability is caused
Solution Approach 1:
The patent makes the voltage boost operation dynamic by having the controller continuously monitor and adjust the boost level based on actual power bus voltage and generator output conditions. The voltage boost circuit operates only when necessary and at the minimum level required, eliminating continuous operation waste while maintaining adequate voltage levels for reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the voltage boost parameter based on real-time conditions. The controller adjusts the boost level to maintain power bus voltage at or near nominal levels rather than continuously maintaining it above nominal. This parameter adjustment reduces energy waste while preserving the reliability benefits of voltage support.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables a smooth transition between battery and generator power, reducing oscillations and preventing unnecessary battery usage, thus enhancing the reliability and efficiency of the UPS system.
Implementation Method 1
using a voltage boost circuit to smoothly increase the power bus voltage to match the generator's output
Data Source
AI summary
An uninterruptible power supply with an input terminal and an output terminal, a main switch connected to the input terminal, an input filter circuit connected to the main switch, a rectifier circuit connected to the input filter circuit, a main capacitor connected to the rectifier circuit, a switching device connected to the capacitor and the output terminal, a voltage boost circuit connected to the capacitor and a battery input terminal, a slope control circuit connected to the voltage boost circuit, a slope selection circuit connected to the slope control circuit, and a control board connected to the slope selection circuit, where the control board has a central processing unit and memory.