Uracil-Based Herbicide Compounds for Selective Weed Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current herbicides, such as those represented by Formulas A, B, and C, require high quantities for non-selective use in orchards or non-crop areas and can harm desired crops when used selectively, necessitating the development of highly effective herbicides with improved selectivity and efficacy.
Innovation Solution
A novel uracil compound represented by Formula 1, which includes specific alkyl, alkenyl, and aryl groups, and its agrochemically allowable salts, exhibits broad herbicidal activity against both grass and broadleaf weeds at low concentrations, making it suitable for both foliar and soil treatments without harming crops like wheat or corn.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If existing herbicides (Formulas A, B, C) are used as non-selective herbicides, then weed control is achieved, but large quantities are required and environmental impact increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the chemical structure of uracil compounds by changing parameters such as substituting hydrogen atoms with alkyl groups (methyl, ethyl, propyl), alkenyl groups, alkynyl groups, and aryl groups at specific positions (R1-R5), thereby altering the compound's biological activity and efficacy to achieve better weed control at lower concentrations
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates composite molecular structures by combining uracil core compounds with various functional groups and side chains (alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl groups), forming a series of novel hybrid compounds that exhibit enhanced herbicidal properties compared to parent compounds
2Reliability
If existing herbicides are used as selective herbicides, then crop protection is achieved, but crop harm occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces different functional groups and side chains at specific positions of the uracil molecule (different R1-R5 positions) to create local chemical differences that confer selective activity, allowing the herbicide to target specific weed types while sparing crops like wheat and corn
Solution Approach 2:
By systematically varying chemical parameters (substituting different groups at different positions), the invention creates a series of compounds with differentiated biological activities, enabling selective herbicidal action that protects crops while controlling weeds
3Productivity
If higher herbicide concentrations are used, then weed control efficacy is improved, but cost and environmental load increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the chemical structure by adjusting parameters such as the type, position, and size of substituent groups (alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl groups) to enhance the compound's binding affinity to target enzymes and improve its biological activity, resulting in higher weed control efficacy at lower concentrations
Solution Approach 2:
The invention develops composite molecular structures with multiple functional groups that work synergistically to enhance herbicidal activity, creating compounds that are more potent than parent compounds and thus require lower application concentrations for effective weed control
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed are uracil compounds represented by Formula 1, a method for preparing the compounds, and a herbicide including the same as an active ingredient: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, X, Y, Z and W are the same as defined in the detailed description.