Uracil Compounds for PPO-Inhibitor-Resistant Weed Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods are inadequate for effectively controlling weeds that have developed resistance to herbicides, particularly those with mutations in the PPO enzyme.
Innovation Solution
Application of uracil compounds, specifically those represented by formulas (I) and (II), to target herbicide-resistant weeds with mutations in the PPO enzyme, such as palmer amaranth, waterhemp, and common ragweed, in crops like soybean, corn, and cotton.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional PPO inhibitors are used, then they can control susceptible weeds, but they fail to control weeds with PPO mutations (Arg128Met, Arg128Gly, Arg128His, Arg128Ile, Arg128Lys, or Gly399Ala)
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by switching from conventional PPO inhibitors to uracil compounds with specific chemical structures (formulas I and II). This chemical parameter change enables the herbicide to bind effectively to mutated PPO enzymes, restoring control over resistant weeds while maintaining effectiveness against susceptible populations.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a copy of herbicidal activity through uracil compounds that replicate the mode of action of PPO inhibitors but with modified chemical properties. These compounds copy the essential function of PPO inhibition while having altered molecular characteristics that allow them to overcome resistance mechanisms present in mutated weed populations.
2Reliability
If new uracil compounds are developed to control resistant weeds, then control effectiveness improves, but the complexity of herbicide selection and application increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent achieves universality by developing uracil compounds that serve multiple functions: they control both susceptible and resistant weeds, work across different crop types, and provide broad-spectrum activity against various PPO mutation types. This multi-functionality reduces the need for multiple specialized herbicides.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the herbicide market by identifying and targeting specific PPO mutation types (Arg128Met, Arg128Gly, Arg128His, Arg128Ile, Arg128Lys, Gly399Ala) with corresponding uracil compound variants. This segmentation allows for precise matching of herbicide to resistance type, improving overall control reliability.
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a method for effectively controlling specific weeds having resistance to herbicides. The method comprises applying one or more uracil compounds selected from a group consisting of a compound represented by formula (I):and a compound represented by formula (II):to a PPO inhibitor-resistant weed which has one or more mutations selected from a group consisting of Arg128Met mutation, Arg128Gly mutation, Arg128His mutation, Arg128Ile mutation, Arg128Lys mutation, and Gly399Ala mutation in PPO.