Urea-Containing Silane Synthesis in Water
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Solution Overview
Problem
The existing production process for urea-containing silanes is complex and requires multiple organic solvent steps, making it inefficient and environmentally unfavorable.
Innovation Solution
A process that synthesizes urea-containing silanes without organic solvents by reacting diamines with isocyanatosilanes in water, reducing the number of process steps and eliminating the need for solvent removal and change, while achieving high yields and purity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If the known production process is used, then urea-containing silanes can be produced, but the process is complex with many process steps and requires organic solvents
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple separate process steps (neutralization, extraction, drying, solvent removal, solvent change, reaction, precipitation, washing) into a single integrated aqueous phase reaction process. The diamine hydrochloride salt reacts directly with isocyanatosilane in water to form the urea-containing silane product, eliminating the need for sequential processing steps and organic solvents.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the solvent parameter from organic solvents (CH2Cl2, THF, Pentane) to water as the reaction medium. This parameter change fundamentally simplifies the process by eliminating solvent removal steps, extraction steps, and drying steps, while maintaining product formation through the aqueous phase reaction.
2Productivity
If organic solvents are used in the known process, then the reaction can proceed, but environmental impact increases and additional purification steps are required
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces expensive, environmentally harmful organic solvents with water, which is inexpensive, non-toxic, and environmentally benign. Water serves as both the reaction medium and can be easily removed without specialized equipment, eliminating the need for costly solvent recovery systems and reducing environmental impact.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the typically problematic aqueous environment into a beneficial reaction medium. By performing the reaction in water, the process eliminates the need for multiple solvent removal and purification steps, turning what would normally require complex handling into a simplified process that reduces environmental impact while maintaining productivity.
3Manufacturing precision
If multiple solvent steps are performed, then product purification can be achieved, but time consumption and process complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary neutralization of the diamine hydrochloride salt in the aqueous reaction medium before the main reaction occurs. This preliminary action ensures the diamine is in the correct form for reaction with isocyanatosilane, and the entire process including purification occurs in a single aqueous phase, eliminating the need for time-consuming sequential purification steps.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The process achieves high yields (>50%) of urea-containing silanes with reduced residual impurities and solvent content, simplifying the production and minimizing environmental impact, and allows for the use of urea-containing silanes as adhesion promoters and crosslinking agents.
Implementation Method 1
reacting diamines with isocyanatosilanes in water
Implementation Method 2
reacting diamines with isocyanatosilanes in water
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a process for the production of urea-containing silanes of general formula I, wherein a diamine of general formula II H2N-RSSR-NH2 (II) is reacted with isocyanate silane of general formula III (R1)3Si-R-NCO (III) in water.