Urine Analyzer Atypical Cell Detection via Multi-Parameter Optical Analysis
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for analyzing atypical cells in urine, such as those associated with urinary tract cancer, fail to distinguish these cells from other formed elements effectively, limiting early detection of renal diseases and cancers.
Innovation Solution
A urine analyzer is developed that mixes urine with a diluent containing a surfactant and a nucleic acid staining reagent, then irradiates the specimen with light to detect scattered and fluorescence light, allowing for the distinguishable detection of atypical cells based on specific characteristic parameters.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Difficulty of detecting and measuring
If flow cytometry is used to analyze particles in urine, then particle classification capability is improved, but ability to distinguish atypical cells from other formed elements deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by introducing multiple optical measurement parameters (forward scattered light intensity, side scattered light intensity, fluorescence light intensity) and combining them with image processing techniques. This multi-parameter approach transforms the single-parameter flow cytometry limitation into a comprehensive classification system that can distinguish atypical cells from other formed elements with high accuracy
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses image processing algorithms as an intermediary between raw optical signals and final cell classification. The image processing unit analyzes the spatial distribution and morphological features of cells, serving as a mediator that enhances the discrimination capability beyond what direct flow cytometry measurements can achieve alone
2Measurement precision
If multiple measurement parameters are used to improve atypical cell detection accuracy, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements multi-functionality by designing an optical detecting unit that simultaneously measures multiple parameters (forward scattered light, side scattered light, fluorescence light) and generates images. This universal device performs classification, quantification, and morphological analysis in a single integrated system, avoiding the need for separate measurement devices and reducing overall system complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent merges flow cytometry measurements with image processing capabilities into a unified analysis system. By combining the optical detection functions and data processing algorithms, the system achieves high-precision atypical cell detection without requiring multiple separate devices, thereby managing device complexity effectively
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables accurate identification of atypical cells within urine samples, enhancing early detection of urinary tract cancers and renal diseases by differentiating them from white blood cells and other elements.
Implementation Method 1
irradiating the measurement specimen with light to detect scattered light and fluorescence light emitted from cells whose nucleic acids are stained
Implementation Method 2
irradiating the measurement specimen with light to detect scattered light and fluorescence light emitted from cells whose nucleic acids are stained
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed is a method for analyzing atypical cells in urine including: mixing urine, a diluent containing a surfactant, and a nucleic acid staining reagent to prepare a measurement specimen; irradiating the measurement specimen with light to detect scattered light and fluorescence light emitted from cells whose nucleic acids are stained; and detecting atypical cells contained in the measurement specimen distinguishably from white blood cells depending on a first characteristic parameter based on the scattered light and a second characteristic parameter based on the fluorescence light.