USB Type-A Baseband PD via CC Pin Segmentation

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Solution Overview

Problem

USB Type-A connectors lack a pin to carry baseband Power Delivery (PD) communications, limiting their ability to implement baseband PD communications like newer Type-C connectors, which use baseband signals on the CC-line, and thus can only provide Power Delivery using Frequency Shift Key (FSK) modulation via the VBUS-pin.

Innovation Solution

An additional contact or pin is added to the USB Type-A connector to enable baseband PD communications, allowing the CC-line to be used for power delivery communications, ensuring backward compatibility with existing USB standards by using an existing pin or adding a new one, and incorporating pull-up circuitry to maintain a stable voltage for PD communications.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If USB Type-A connector uses existing pin configuration, then backward compatibility is maintained, but baseband PD communications capability is lost

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebaseband PD communications capabilityVSAvoidconnector pin configuration
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the USB Type-A connector functionality by assigning specific pins to different communication modes. The D+ and D- data pins are segmented to carry both traditional USB data and baseband PD communications, while the CC pin is reserved for Type-C specific functions. This segmentation allows the connector to support multiple protocols without requiring a completely new pinout.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements multi-functionality by enabling existing USB Type-A pins to serve dual purposes: traditional USB data communication and baseband Power Delivery communications. The D+ and D- pins can operate in either mode depending on the connection type, making the connector universal enough to work with both legacy USB devices and modern PD-capable devices without requiring additional pins.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Adaptability or versatility

If USB Type-A connector adds additional pin for baseband PD communications, then communication capability is improved, but compatibility with existing USB standards deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebaseband PD communications capabilityVSAvoidconnector compatibility
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges baseband PD communications functionality into the existing USB Type-A connector framework by utilizing the D+ and D- data pins that are already present in the standard connector. Instead of adding new pins, the invention combines multiple communication protocols into the existing pin infrastructure, maintaining ease of manufacture and compatibility while enabling advanced PD communications.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces dynamic pin assignment where the function of D+ and D- pins changes based on the connection context. When connected to a Type-C device, these pins dynamically switch to carry baseband PD communications. This dynamic behavior allows the same physical connector to adapt to different communication requirements without requiring hardware changes or compromising compatibility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Power

If USB Type-A connector uses FSK modulation via VBUS-pin, then Power Delivery is provided, but communication efficiency deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovePower Delivery capabilityVSAvoidcommunication efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces baseband signaling as an intermediary communication method for Power Delivery, replacing the less efficient FSK modulation over VBUS. By using the dedicated D+ and D- data pins with pull-up circuitry to establish stable voltage levels, the system achieves more efficient and reliable communication while maintaining the VBUS pin's primary power delivery function. The intermediary baseband protocol enables faster negotiation and control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent substitutes the analog FSK modulation mechanism with a digital baseband signaling mechanism. Instead of modulating the VBUS power line with frequency shifts, the invention uses digital logic levels on the D+ and D- pins with pull-up resistors and zener diodes to create stable communication channels. This substitution improves communication efficiency while preserving Power Delivery capability through the same VBUS infrastructure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables baseband PD communications in USB Type-A connectors, enhancing their compatibility with Type-C devices while maintaining compatibility with older USB standards, allowing for efficient power delivery and communication.

Implementation Method 1

the first voltage terminal is coupled to the at least one configuration channel terminal by at least a pull-up circuitry configured to cause a predetermined voltage at the at least one configuration channel terminal

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPull-up circuitry voltage stabilization: Electrical Resistance

Implementation Method 2

The pull-up circuitry may include at least one resistor coupled between the first voltage terminal and the at least one configuration channel terminal and a zener-diode coupled between the first voltage terminal and a ground terminal of the first interface

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectZener diode voltage regulation: Diode

Data Source

PatentEP3149832B1Baseband PD communication over USB standard a connector
Publication Date: 2022.02.16 NOKIA TECHNOLOGIES OY
  • EP3149832B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3149832B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3149832B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

In some example embodiments, there may be provided an apparatus (450). The apparatus (450) may include a first interface including a first voltage terminal (VBUS) and at least one data interface terminal and a second interface including a second voltage terminal (VBUS) and at least one configuration channel terminal (CC1/CC2), wherein the first voltage terminal is coupled to the at least one configuration channel terminal (CC1 /CC2) by at least a pull-up circuitry (456A,456B,458) configured to cause a predetermined voltage at the at least one configuration channel terminal (CC1/ CC2), and wherein the at least one configuration channel terminal (CC1/CC2) is coupled to the at least one data interface terminal to enable communication between the at least one data interface terminal and the at least one configuration channel terminal (CC1/CC2). Related methods, systems, and articles of manufacture are also disclosed.