USB Interface Voltage Difference Detection for Safe Fast Charging
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Solution Overview
Problem
The frequent use of mobile terminals leads to increased electricity consumption, necessitating frequent charging, which can result in safety hazards due to abnormal USB interface coupling, potentially damaging the USB interface, charging adapter, or causing a fire if not properly detected.
Innovation Solution
An electronic device with a USB interface and a controller that calculates the voltage difference between the power and signal wires to determine if the coupling is abnormal, preventing charging when an abnormality is detected and optionally triggering an alarm to stop power output.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If the mobile terminal is charged with large current to meet fast charging needs, then charging speed is improved, but safety risk increases due to potential abnormal USB interface coupling
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs voltage detection on the USB interface before initiating large current charging. The controller detects voltages on the power wire and signal wire, calculates voltage difference, and determines interface coupling status beforehand. Only when normal coupling is confirmed does the system enable fast charging, thus preventing safety accidents while maintaining charging speed.
2Device complexity
If USB interface coupling is not detected before charging, then device complexity is reduced, but harmful effects occur such as damage to USB interface, mobile terminal or charging adapter
Solution Approach 1:
The system implements a feedback mechanism where the controller continuously monitors voltage signals from the USB interface during coupling. By comparing the voltage difference between power wire and signal wire against a threshold, the system receives feedback on coupling status and adjusts charging operation accordingly, preventing damage while using simple voltage detection circuits.
3Reliability
If voltage detection is implemented to detect USB interface coupling, then charging safety is improved, but device complexity increases due to additional detection circuits
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses the existing USB interface signal wires and power wires for detection purposes without requiring separate dedicated detection circuits. The controller utilizes the voltage signals already present on the interface conductors, making the detection system self-service and avoiding additional hardware complexity while maintaining safety.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Ensures safe charging by preventing power output when an abnormal coupling is detected, thereby avoiding potential damage or fires, and supports higher charging currents by ensuring proper coupling between USB interfaces.
Implementation Method 1
a controller, including a first voltage sampling end coupled to a power end of the first power wire in the USB interface, and a second voltage sampling end coupled to a signal end of the signal wire in the USB interface; and configured to acquire the voltage of the first power wire and a voltage of the signal wire in the USB interface through a coupling between the USB interface and the second electronic device, to calculate a voltage difference between the voltage of the first power wire and the voltage of the signal wire
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure provides an electronic device. The electronic device includes: a USB interface, including a first power wire and a signal wire, in which the USB interface is configured to receive a power signal via the signal wire, when the USB interface is coupled to a second electronic device, the first power wire is configured to output the power signal received to the second electronic device, and the signal wire is configured to acquire a voltage of a power wire of the second electronic device; a controller, configured to acquire the voltage of the first power wire and a voltage of the signal wire in the USB interface through a coupling between the USB interface and the second electronic device, to determine whether the interface coupling is abnormal according to the voltage difference.