USB4 Synchronization Recovery from Infinite Training Loops
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Solution Overview
Problem
Infinite loop errors during the training state in USB4 synchronization can prevent successful completion, leading to failed USB links.
Innovation Solution
Implement a method where the transmitter stops sending training ordered sets in an infinite loop and sends new SLOS1 ordered sets with a different length to break the loop, allowing synchronization to proceed to the LOCK2 state.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the transmitter continuously sends training ordered sets according to the LASM in the LOCK1 state, then the synchronization process follows the standard protocol, but it may enter an infinite loop causing training failure
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by detecting whether the transmitter has continuously sent a predetermined number of training ordered sets before allowing transition to LOCK2 state. This preventive check avoids entering the infinite loop condition in the first place, ensuring reliable synchronization while preventing productivity loss from failed training sequences.
2Productivity
If the transmitter sends new SLOS1 ordered sets with different length to break the infinite loop, then synchronization can proceed to LOCK2 state, but it deviates from the standard LASM behavior
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an intermediary mechanism - a predetermined count threshold - that mediates between the standard LASM protocol and the need to break infinite loops. By counting the number of consecutive training ordered sets sent in LOCK1 state before permitting transition to LOCK2, the system safely deviates from strict LASM behavior only when necessary, maintaining simplicity while enabling recovery from erroneous states.
3Measurement precision
If the receiver compares received order sets with stored information to confirm consecutiveness, then synchronization accuracy is improved, but any erroneous order set causes the LASM to revert to LOCK1 state
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the parameter being monitored from the content accuracy of individual order sets to the count of consecutively sent training ordered sets. Instead of reverting to LOCK1 state upon detecting an erroneous order set, the system transitions to LOCK2 state after a predetermined number of consecutive SLOS1 ordered sets are sent, regardless of individual set errors. This parameter change allows the system to tolerate transient errors while maintaining synchronization progress.
Data Source
AI summary
A method of synchronization in a training state of Universal Serial Bus (USB) includes sending SLOS1 ordered sets by a transmitter in a LOCK1 state, receiving the SLOS1 ordered sets by a receiver in the LOCK1 state, stopping the transmitter from sending training ordered sets according to a lane adapter state machine (LASM) if the transmitter sends the training ordered sets in the LOCK1 state continuously in an infinite loop. The training ordered sets include the SLOS1 ordered sets. The method further includes sending new SLOS1 ordered sets by the transmitter, receiving the new SLOS1 ordered sets by a receiver, and the transmitter and the receiver entering a LOCK2 state. The length of the new SLOS1 ordered sets is different from the length of the SLOS1 ordered sets.