UV-Absorbing Compounds with Reactive Hydrogen for Skin Persistence
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current UV radiation-absorbing compounds face challenges such as low persistence on the skin, photodegradative effects, and the need for increased efficacy without raising their content levels, particularly for highly effective UV-A absorbers like avobenzone, which is susceptible to keto-enol isomerization and bimolecular reactions.
Innovation Solution
Development of novel UV radiation-absorbing compounds with reactive hydrogen atoms, formulated into various products including personal care items and coatings, to enhance persistence and stability while providing broad-spectrum protection against UV-A and UV-B radiation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If PABA is used as a UV absorber, then water solubility is improved, but persistence on skin deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates composite UV absorber systems by combining PABA derivatives with polymers and other functional materials. This allows the water-soluble PABA component to provide UV absorption while the polymer matrix provides persistence and skin adhesion, resolving the contradiction between solubility and persistence.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent modifies the molecular parameters of PABA derivatives by introducing specific functional groups and structural modifications. These parameter changes allow tuning of both solubility and persistence properties simultaneously, enabling optimization of both contradictory requirements.
2Reliability
If avobenzone is used to enhance UV-A absorption efficacy, then UV protection is improved, but photostability deteriorates due to keto-enol isomerization
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces stabilizing agents and polymer matrices as intermediaries that protect avobenzone from direct UV-induced degradation. These intermediaries absorb excess energy and prevent the harmful keto-enol isomerization reactions, allowing avobenzone to maintain its high UV-A absorption efficacy while improving photostability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent incorporates photostabilizers and antioxidants into the formulation beforehand to prevent degradation before it occurs. These pre-added protective agents cushion against UV-induced stress and prevent the formation of degradation products, maintaining avobenzone stability throughout product shelf life and use.
3Reliability
If UV absorber content is increased to improve protection, then UV protection is improved, but formulation flexibility deteriorates due to regulation limits
Solution Approach 1:
The patent develops composite UV protection systems that combine multiple UV absorbers with different mechanisms of action. This allows achieving high overall UV protection through synergistic interactions between components, enabling effective protection while keeping individual component concentrations below regulatory limits and maintaining formulation flexibility.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent designs UV absorber molecules with multiple functional groups that provide both UV absorption and additional benefits such as skin conditioning, moisturization, or antioxidant activity. This multi-functionality allows achieving enhanced UV protection while adding value through secondary benefits, reducing the need to increase absorber content and preserving formulation flexibility.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The novel compounds improve the persistence and stability of UV radiation absorption, offering enhanced protection against UV-A and UV-B radiation without increasing the compound content, thereby addressing the limitations of existing UV absorbers.
Implementation Method 1
The molecule possesses both electron withdrawing and electron accepting groups, providing resonance delocalization that coincides with the absorbed energy of UV radiation
Implementation Method 2
UV absorbers/filters... providing resonance delocalization that coincides with the absorbed energy of UV radiation
Data Source
AI summary
UV-absorbing compounds are provided that have at least one reactive hydrogen. These compounds have structures:wherein the generic notations have meanings as described herein. Also provided are formulations comprising a UV-absorbing compounds.