Apoptotic Mononuclear Cell Production via Direct UV Irradiation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current extracorporeal photo-immunotherapy (ECP) methods for producing apoptotic mononuclear cells are complex and time-consuming, requiring photoactivatable agents like 8-MOP and UVA irradiation, which pose risks and limitations in simplification and safety.
Innovation Solution
A method involving ultraviolet irradiation of peripheral blood fractions with wavelengths between 200 and 320 nm to induce a significant difference in apoptosis rates between irradiated and non-irradiated cells, eliminating the need for photoactivatable agents and simplifying the process.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional ECP methods using 8-MOP and UVA irradiation are used, then apoptotic mononuclear cells can be produced effectively, but the process becomes complex and time-consuming
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts and eliminates the photoactivatable agent (8-MOP) from the conventional ECP process, using only ultraviolet irradiation (200-320 nm) to induce apoptosis in mononuclear cells. This removes the need for chemical agents and simplifies the overall process while maintaining therapeutic effectiveness
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the irradiation parameters by using a broader ultraviolet wavelength range (200-320 nm) compared to conventional UVA (320-400 nm) used with 8-MOP. This parameter change allows direct DNA damage and apoptosis induction without requiring photoactivatable agents, thereby simplifying the process
2Reliability
If conventional ECP methods using 8-MOP and UVA irradiation are used, then apoptotic mononuclear cells can be produced effectively, but the process takes more time
Solution Approach 1:
By removing the 8-MOP incubation step and photoactivation requirements, the invention reduces the number of procedural steps and overall processing time while achieving comparable or superior apoptosis induction through direct ultraviolet irradiation
Solution Approach 2:
The invention skips the intermediate step of 8-MOP incubation and photoactivation, directly inducing apoptosis through ultraviolet irradiation. This eliminates waiting periods for chemical agent incubation and accelerates the overall process
3Reliability
If photoactivatable agents like 8-MOP are used, then cell apoptosis can be induced, but safety risks increase due to potential malignant skin tumour development
Solution Approach 1:
The invention converts the potentially harmful use of photoactivatable agents into a safer approach by using direct ultraviolet irradiation. The harmful chemical agents are replaced with physical irradiation that achieves the same therapeutic effect without the risk of carcinogenesis associated with psoralen compounds
Solution Approach 2:
The invention removes the intermediary chemical agent (8-MOP) that mediates between light and DNA, using ultraviolet irradiation directly to damage DNA and induce apoptosis. This eliminates the carcinogenic intermediary while maintaining the therapeutic mechanism
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach effectively produces apoptotic mononuclear cells capable of modulating the immune response, achieving comparable cellular responses to conventional ECP without the use of photoactivatable agents, thereby simplifying the process and enhancing safety.
Implementation Method 1
subjecting said blood fraction to ultraviolet irradiation having a wavelength of between 200 nm and 320 nm
Implementation Method 2
After UVA irradiation, 8-MOP is activated, leading to a photoaddition process
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing apoptotic mononuclear cells contained in a fraction of peripheral blood from a donor. The method includes subjecting the peripheral blood fraction to ultraviolet irradiation having a wavelength of between 200 nm and 320 nm. The irradiation is arranged to induce a difference between the degree of apoptosis of the irradiated cells and that of the non-irradiated cells of greater than 15%, 48 hours after the irradiation, se as to obtain apoptotic mononuclear cells capable of modulating the immune response in a patient.