Ultraviolet-absorbing compounds with carbon-nitrogen triple bonds
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current UV absorbers face challenges such as low persistence on the skin, photolability, and skin penetration, which reduce their effectiveness and increase the risk of adverse effects, while existing formulations struggle to provide broad UV-spectrum protection and stability.
Innovation Solution
Development of a new class of ultraviolet-absorbing compounds derived from reactants with carbon-nitrogen triple bonds and amine functionality, which can be synthesized into polymers or small molecules, offering enhanced UV protection, stability, and reduced migration.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional UV absorbers are used, then UV protection is provided, but persistence on skin is low and photolability occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates composite UV absorber molecules by coupling UV-absorbing moieties (such as benzophenone, cinnamate, or avobenzone groups) with polymer anchor groups (such as carboxylic acids, alcohols, or amines) that can bind to skin proteins. This composite structure combines the UV-absorbing functionality with skin-adhering properties, thereby improving persistence on skin while maintaining UV protection effectiveness.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces polymer chains as intermediary structures that mediate between the UV absorber molecule and the skin surface. These polymers act as anchors that bind to skin proteins while holding the UV-absorbing groups in proximity to the skin, thereby extending the duration of UV protection without requiring frequent reapplication.
2Reliability
If conventional UV absorbers are used, then UV protection is provided, but photolability reduces effectiveness
Solution Approach 1:
The patent designs composite molecules where photostable polymer anchor groups are coupled with UV-absorbing moieties. The polymer components (such as polyacrylic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, or chitosan) provide structural stability and resistance to photodegradation, thereby protecting the UV-absorbing groups from photolability while maintaining their UV protection functionality.
3Reliability
If conventional UV absorbers are used, then UV protection is provided, but skin penetration increases adverse effects
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs polymer chains as flexible anchor structures that bind to the skin surface forming a protective film. This film structure provides UV protection at the skin surface without requiring the UV absorbers to penetrate into the skin layers, thereby eliminating the adverse effects associated with skin penetration while maintaining effective UV shielding.
4Reliability
If UV absorber content is increased to improve protection, then UV protection is enhanced, but formulation complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates multifunctional composite molecules that simultaneously provide UV absorption, skin adhesion, and photostability in a single molecular structure. This eliminates the need for separate ingredients to address each of these requirements, thereby simplifying the overall formulation while achieving enhanced UV protection effectiveness.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The new compounds provide broad UV-spectrum protection, improve persistence on the skin, reduce photolability, and minimize skin penetration, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of UV absorbers without increasing their content in formulations.
Implementation Method 1
The invention discloses a new class of compounds that absorbs ultraviolet (UV) radiation
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed are novel ultraviolet-absorbing compounds produced by two embodiments. By a first embodiment, the ultraviolet-absorbing compound is derived from at a first reactant being a UV absorber comprising a carbon-nitrogen triple bond and a second reactant having amine functionality. By a second embodiment, the ultraviolet-absorbing compound is derived from a first reactant being a UV absorber comprising amine functionality and a second reactant comprising a carbon-nitrogen triple bond. In both embodiments of the invention, the second reactant may be a small molecule, a monomer, a macromolecule, a biomolecule, or a polymer.The invention's ultraviolet-absorbing compounds are directed toward formulations and applications that serve to protect against UV radiation in any art. Exemplary uses of the ultraviolet-absorbing compounds are in adhesive, agriculture, cleaning/polishing, coating, containers, encapsulation, fragrances, imaging, hoses/tubing, household/industrial/institutional, medical, membrane, molded parts, oilfield, packaging, personal care, personal protective equipment, pharmaceutical, printing, veterinary, and wood-care applications. Highly preferred uses of the ultraviolet-absorbing compounds are in personal care and performance chemicals.wherein R═