UV-Curable Non-Isocyanate Polyurea Polymer Synthesis
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for synthesizing polyurea polymers often involve hazardous isocyanate materials and harsh reaction conditions, and there is a need for improved processes in the coatings industry for non-isocyanate polyurea polymers that are free from isocyanate components to address health and environmental concerns.
Innovation Solution
A UV-curable non-isocyanate polyurea polymer is synthesized by reacting an ethylenically unsaturated compound with a multi-carbodiimide polymer, incorporating ethylenically unsaturated functional groups attached to the nitrogen atom via a -C(=O)-linkage, which can be used to form a coating with excellent chemical resistance and other desired properties.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Strength
If isocyanate and polyamine are used to synthesize polyurea polymer, then mechanical properties and comprehensive performance are improved, but toxicity to human health and environment increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes the harmful isocyanate component from the polyurea synthesis process by using carbodiimide polymer as the starting material instead of isocyanate and polyamine. This extraction of the harmful substance maintains the desired mechanical properties while eliminating toxicity issues associated with isocyanate and phosgene materials.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical parameters of the synthesis process by using carbodiimide polymer with specific molecular weight (10,000-1,000,000 g/mol) and replacing the traditional isocyanate-based chemistry with a carbodiimide-based approach. This parameter change enables non-isocyanate polyurea synthesis that avoids toxic materials while maintaining performance.
2Stability of the object's composition
If isocyanate is used in polyurea synthesis, then polyurea polymer is formed, but reaction with water or moisture creates bubbles affecting performance
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the moisture-sensitive isocyanate component from the synthesis process, replacing it with carbodiimide polymer that does not react with water or moisture to form bubbles. This eliminates the reliability issue while maintaining polyurea polymer formation and performance consistency.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If non-isocyanate methods are used to synthesize polyurea, then toxicity is reduced, but reaction conditions become harsh and process becomes cumbersome
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the reaction parameters by using carbodiimide polymer with controlled molecular weight (10,000-1,000,000 g/mol) and establishing specific reaction conditions (temperature, catalyst type and amount) that enable non-isocyanate polyurea synthesis under manageable conditions, avoiding both toxicity and excessive harshness.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The process allows for the production of a UV-curable non-isocyanate polyurea polymer that is free from isocyanate components, offering improved safety and environmental benefits, with excellent coating properties such as chemical resistance and flexibility, and can be formulated into a UV-curable coating composition with high yield and few by-products.
Implementation Method 1
reacting an ethylenically unsaturated compound having one or more carboxylic acid functional groups with a multi-carbodiimide polymer to form the non-isocyanate polyurea polymer
Implementation Method 2
UV-curable non-isocyanate polyurea polymer having one or more ethylenically unsaturated functional groups
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure is directed to a UV-curable non-isocyanate polyuria polymer and a UV-curable coating composition containing the same. The UV-curable non-isocyanate polyurea polymer has one or more ethylenically unsaturated functional groups and the ethylenically unsaturated functional groups are attached to nitrogen atoms present in a backbone urea segment via -C(=O)- linkage. The non-isocyanate polyurea polymer is prepared by: (i) providing an ethylenically unsaturated compound having one or more carboxylic acid functional groups; and (ii) reacting said ethylenically unsaturated compound having one or more carboxylic acid functional groups with a multi-carbodiimide polymer to form the non-isocyanate polyurea polymer.