UWB Base Station Antenna Switching for 360° Positioning
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current UWB positioning systems using double directional antennae can only measure angles and distances within a 180° range on one side of a base station, leading to incomplete coverage and complex data management, as multiple base stations are required to achieve 360° positioning.
Innovation Solution
A UWB base station with four antennae, each facing a different azimuth direction, utilizing a single-pole double-throw switch and a double-pole double-throw switch to connect antennae to a single UWB module, allowing for 360° omnidirectional positioning by determining signal intensities and phase differences to calculate the azimuth of a measured antenna.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If multiple base stations are used to achieve 360° positioning coverage, then the positioning coverage is improved, but the device complexity and data control difficulty increase
Solution Approach 1:
The base station divides the 360° horizontal plane into four 90° regions, with each directional antenna responsible for one region. This segmentation allows a single base station to achieve omnidirectional coverage by processing signals from four specialized directional antennas rather than requiring multiple full-coverage base stations.
Solution Approach 2:
A single base station is designed to perform multiple functions: it can position tags in any of the four directional regions and can operate in different modes (AOA positioning, distance measurement, hybrid positioning) depending on the configuration of antennas and receiving chips, replacing the need for multiple specialized base stations.
2Measurement precision
If multiple receiving chips and antenna groups are used in each base station, then the positioning precision is improved, but the manufacturing cost and device complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the functions of multiple receiving chips and antenna groups into a single base station by using a sharing mechanism where one receiving chip can be dynamically connected to different antenna groups through switching circuits. This allows high-precision positioning capabilities to be achieved without proportionally increasing the number of physical components.
Solution Approach 2:
The base station employs dynamic switching circuits that can reconfigure the connection between receiving chips and antenna groups in real-time. This dynamic reconfiguration allows the same hardware components to serve different directional regions at different times, maintaining high positioning precision while reducing the total number of components needed.
3Adaptability or versatility
If multiple base stations are deployed for omnidirectional positioning, then the positioning coverage is improved, but the data control complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
A single base station is designed to perform multiple functions: it can position tags in any of the four directional regions and can operate in different modes (AOA positioning, distance measurement, hybrid positioning) depending on the configuration of antennas and receiving chips, replacing the need for multiple specialized base stations.
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention discloses a UWB base station and a positioning method therefor. The UWB base station includes four antennae, obverse sides of the four antennae respectively face four azimuth directions, by which 360° may be uniformly divided, on a horizontal section. Azimuth directions faced by the first and the third antenna differ by 180°, and azimuth directions faced by the second and the fourth antenna differ by 180°. The station further includes a single-pole and a double-pole double-throw switch and a UWB module, the UWB module includes a transmitting end, a first and a second receiving end; first receiving end is respectively connected to the second and fourth antenna through single-pole double-throw switch; and transmitting end and second receiving end are respectively connected to the first and third antenna through double-pole double-throw switch. According to the invention, 360° omnidirectional positioning can be achieved, and the positioning precision is high.