UWB Ranging Factor Exchange for Interference-Resilient Positioning
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing UWB technologies face challenges such as signal interference, inefficient power consumption, and inaccurate positioning due to unpredictable environmental factors, and existing communication methods like NFC and BLE have limitations in key exchange processes.
Innovation Solution
The UWB system employs a processor to predefine UWB ranging factors using unique device characteristics, perform time-hopping and frequency-hopping to avoid interference, and adapt ranging schemes based on separation distance and antenna diversity to optimize communication and positioning.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If UWB ranging factors are exchanged using NFC or BLE through pre-handshaking, then key exchange can be performed, but the system is restricted by the limitations of these communication means and requires additional communication protocols
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the key exchange function from the constrained NFC/BLE protocols and implements it directly within the UWB communication protocol itself. This allows the UWB system to autonomously perform ranging factor exchange without depending on external communication means, thereby reducing overall system complexity while maintaining security and reliability
Solution Approach 2:
The UWB communication protocol is designed to perform multiple functions including both positioning and key exchange within a single unified protocol framework. This eliminates the need for separate NFC or BLE communication channels, reducing device complexity while ensuring reliable cryptographic key establishment through the universal UWB protocol
2Measurement precision
If traditional UWB ranging is performed without considering environmental factors, then the ranging process is simple, but positioning accuracy deteriorates due to signal interference and unpredictable environmental factors
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic ranging schemes that adapt to environmental conditions. The system selects between different ranging methods (e.g., FMCW, TWR) based on real-time signal quality and environmental factors, thereby maintaining high positioning accuracy without requiring a fixed complex protocol for all conditions
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically adjusts ranging parameters such as bandwidth, center frequency, and power levels based on environmental feedback. This allows the UWB system to optimize positioning accuracy in different scenarios (indoor, outdoor, multipath environments) while keeping the base protocol relatively simple
3Reliability
If signal hopping is performed to avoid interference, then signal reliability improves, but power consumption increases due to continuous frequency and time adjustments
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs periodic signal hopping patterns where the UWB system alternates between frequency-hopping and time-hopping modes in structured intervals. This periodic approach maintains signal reliability by regularly changing frequencies to avoid interference while consuming less power compared to continuous hopping, as the system can remain on stable frequencies during non-hopping periods
Solution Approach 2:
The system applies signal hopping selectively rather than continuously - using frequency hopping only when interference is detected and time hopping for synchronization purposes. This partial application of hopping techniques maintains adequate signal reliability while significantly reducing the power consumption associated with constant frequency and time adjustments
Data Source
AI summary
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an ultra-wideband (UWB) system comprising: a memory in which a UWB ranging factor definition program is embedded; and a processor which executes the program, wherein the processor predefines UWB ranging factors to define a nonce in consideration of a unique key characteristic of an individual device.