UWB Tag Pulse Reflection Sensing for Through-Wall Life Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for detecting living objects behind barriers like doors or walls are either expensive or ineffective in determining the presence of hostages during tactical operations, risking harm to them.
Innovation Solution
A UWB tag equipped with a UWB front-end transceiver is attached to a barrier to transmit and receive pulses, evaluating changes in reflected responses to detect the presence of living objects, such as breathing or heartbeat, and communicate this information to prevent harm.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If UWB GPR detector is used to detect people behind wall, then detection capability is improved, but cost becomes very high
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs disposable UWB tags attached to doors or walls that perform detection for a single operation and are then discarded. These inexpensive single-use tags replace expensive reusable GPR detectors, achieving the same detection capability at a fraction of the cost. The tag includes a UWB front-end transceiver and processing unit that can be manufactured cheaply for one-time use.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts only the essential detection functionality from complex GPR systems into simple UWB tags. By taking out the core pulse transmission and reflection detection capability and implementing it in a minimalistic UWB tag design, the system achieves effective detection while eliminating unnecessary complexity and cost.
2Ease of operation
If door is blown open to reach hostages, then access to hostages is improved, but harm to living objects increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary detection action by attaching UWB tags to the door and performing detection before the breach operation. The tag detects breathing or heartbeat signals of hostages behind the door in advance, providing critical information that allows special forces to choose alternative entry methods and avoid blowing open the door when hostages are present.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements feedback by having the UWB tag continuously monitor for signs of life behind the door and communicate this information to the special forces unit. The real-time feedback on hostage presence enables dynamic decision-making, allowing the operation to be adjusted based on detected conditions and preventing harmful actions when hostages are detected.
3Measurement precision
If UWB tag transmits multiple pulses to detect living objects, then detection accuracy is improved, but energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses periodic pulse transmission at optimized intervals rather than continuous transmission. The UWB tag sends pulses periodically with carefully selected time intervals that balance detection accuracy requirements with energy conservation. This periodic action allows the tag to detect living objects effectively while minimizing power consumption, enabling battery operation for the duration of the mission.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The UWB tag effectively detects the presence of living objects, allowing for alternative entry methods to avoid injury, and can be used in a multi-statistical radar system for simultaneous detection and spatial mapping.
Implementation Method 1
The UWB tag is designed to transmit multiple pulses and to receive multiple corresponding reflected channel impulse responses
Implementation Method 2
UWB tag and method for detecting presence of living object and multi-static radar system
Data Source
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AI summary
A UWB tag (10) for detecting the presence of a living object (20) is described, wherein the UWB tag (10) comprises at least one UWB front-end transceiver (11) and is configured to transmit multiple pulses (30) and receive multiple associated reflected channel pulse responses (32), and subsequently evaluate them for changes in the received associated reflected channel pulse responses (32), wherein the detection of the change in the associated reflected channel pulse responses (32) indicates the presence of the living object (20). Furthermore, a method (100) for detecting the presence of a living object (20) using at least one UWB tag and a multi-statistical radar system are described.