V-Shaped Grating Spectrometer Eliminating Coma Aberration
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Solution Overview
Problem
Traditional grating spectrometers suffer from coma aberration due to asymmetric off-axis light path designs, which degrade spectral resolution and hinder high-performance applications.
Innovation Solution
A grating spectrometer with a V-shaped projection light path is designed, featuring an entrance slit, grating, entrance spherical reflector, focusing spherical reflector, and exit slit arranged in a sequence to form coaxial light paths, eliminating the need for grating rotation and thus overcoming coma aberration.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Volume of moving object
If an off-axis light path design is used for collimation and detection, then the optical structure can be compact, but coma aberration occurs and spectral resolution deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs asymmetric spherical reflectors with different curvature radii (R1 for collimation, R2 for focusing) to create a V-shaped light path configuration. This asymmetric design allows the system to maintain compact structure while eliminating coma aberration by optimizing the specific asymmetric geometry to achieve both collimation and focusing functions without off-axis defects
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from a traditional linear off-axis light path to a V-shaped three-dimensional configuration. By projecting the light path onto a diffraction plane and forming a V-shape with specific arm angles, the system achieves compactness in one dimension while maintaining optical performance through the spatial arrangement in three dimensions
2Adaptability or versatility
If a mechanical transmission device rotates the grating azimuth angle for wavelength scanning, then wavelength scanning can be achieved, but the spectral resolution is affected by coma aberration that cannot be overcome
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses asymmetric spherical reflectors with specifically designed different curvature radii to create a light path configuration that is insensitive to grating rotation. The asymmetric geometry compensates for coma aberration that would normally occur during wavelength scanning, allowing the grating to rotate for wavelength selection without degrading spectral resolution
Solution Approach 2:
The patent enables dynamic wavelength scanning through grating rotation while maintaining static optical quality. The V-shaped configuration with asymmetric reflectors creates a system where the optical path adapts to different wavelengths during scanning, allowing the grating azimuth angle to change without introducing coma aberration that would affect measurement precision
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enables high-resolution spectral analysis across a full wavelength range independent of grating scanning angle, effectively eliminating coma aberration and enhancing spectral resolution.
Implementation Method 1
an entrance spherical reflector M1... A light source forms an entrance light source L1 through the entrance slit S1 and the grating G and forms a collimation light source L2 after being reflected by the entrance spherical reflector M1
Implementation Method 2
According to the grating diffraction principle: d sin θm=mλ+g0... one mechanical transmission device is used to control the rotation of an azimuth θm angle of the grating to achieve wavelength scanning
Implementation Method 3
a focusing spherical reflector M2... A focusing optical system is used to focus diffraction spectra of different wavelengths from the grating and then converge them to the exit slit S2
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure discloses a grating spectrometer having a V-shaped projection light path and capable of eliminating coma aberration. The grating spectrometer includes an entrance slit S1, a grating G, an entrance spherical reflector M1, a focusing spherical reflector M2, and an exit slit S2 which are arranged on a light path in sequence in a light transmission direction. The entrance slit S1 and the exit slit S2 are respectively arranged on two sides of the grating G, and a coaxial entrance light path formed by the entrance slit S1 and the entrance spherical reflector M1 and a coaxial diffraction light path formed by the grating G and the focusing spherical reflector M2 form a V-shaped structure by projection in a diffraction plane. The grating spectrometer has actual population and application value.