V-Shaped Patch Antenna Structure for Wider Millimeter-Wave Radar Beam
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing antenna structures for millimeter-wave radars have a limited 3 dB beam width, resulting in a small detection angle range in the horizontal direction, which restricts their effectiveness in intelligent vehicle applications.
Innovation Solution
The antenna structure incorporates patch unit groups connected in a V-shaped configuration to the main feeder, allowing for adjustable included angles and varying widths and lengths, which reduces the aperture and extends the 3 dB bandwidth, enhancing both horizontal radiation range and low sidelobe performance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-generated harmful factors
If a series-feed mode with vertically connected radiation patches is used to achieve low sidelobe level, then the sidelobe level is reduced, but the 3 dB beam width becomes small
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transforms the traditional vertical linear arrangement of radiation patches into an asymmetric V-shaped configuration. Each patch group consists of two patches arranged at an angle, creating asymmetric radiation patterns that broaden the horizontal beam width while the vertical arrangement maintains low sidelobe levels. This asymmetric geometry resolves the contradiction by decoupling the beam width control from the sidelobe suppression mechanisms.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention introduces angular dimension to the traditional one-dimensional vertical arrangement. By configuring patches in V-shaped groups with specific included angles, the radiation pattern is extended into the horizontal plane, achieving wide beam width without compromising the vertical sidelobe suppression. This dimensional transformation allows simultaneous optimization of both parameters.
2Area of moving object
If the aperture of the antenna structure is reduced to extend the 3 dB bandwidth, then the 3 dB beam width increases, but the radiation energy distribution may be affected
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies different geometric configurations to different patch groups along the feeder. Each V-shaped patch group has optimized included angles and patch dimensions tailored to its position, creating local quality variations that collectively achieve uniform wide-beam radiation across the entire antenna structure. This localized optimization maintains energy distribution reliability while reducing overall aperture.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention systematically varies key parameters including the included angle of V-shaped patches, patch widths, and spacing between patch groups along the feeder length. These parameter changes are optimized to maintain consistent radiation characteristics across frequency bands, achieving broadband performance without compromising energy distribution uniformity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration increases the 3 dB beam width to 97°, improving the detection angle range while maintaining low sidelobe levels, thereby reducing false alarms and enhancing the radar's detection capabilities.
Implementation Method 1
each patch unit group includes at least two patch units disposed in a V-shaped structure... energy radiated by the antenna structure is concentrated in a middle area
Data Source
AI summary
An antenna structure, a radar, and a terminal may be applied to the field of millimeter-wave radars and can extend a 3 dB bandwidth of the antenna structure. The antenna structure includes: A main feeder and at least one patch unit group, where the at least one patch unit group is connected in series to the main feeder in a length direction of the main feeder, and each of the at least one patch unit group includes at least two patch units disposed in a V-shaped structure. Each patch unit group is connected in series to the main feeder through the two patch units that are disposed in the V-shaped structure and that are in each patch unit group.