V2G Server Control for Bidirectional Power Exchange
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing vehicle charging and load leveling systems are not capable of bidirectional power exchange, limiting their contribution to stabilizing commercial power systems and increasing the number of vehicles participating in Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) systems.
Innovation Solution
A V2G system comprising a power system, a charging/discharging device with an electricity storage unit, a power conversion unit, a reception unit, and a server device that manages charging and discharging based on power supply-demand analysis to determine optimal charging and discharging times, enhancing the stability of the power system and encouraging active participation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If existing vehicle charging systems are used, then charging can be performed, but bidirectional power exchange is not possible and contribution to power system stabilization is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies inversion by enabling the electricity storage unit to not only charge from but also discharge to the power system. The control section is designed to switch between charging mode (power system → storage unit) and discharging mode (storage unit → power system), fundamentally reversing the unidirectional power flow of conventional charging systems to achieve bidirectional exchange and power system stabilization.
2Productivity
If load leveling systems charge vehicles at business places, then power is supplied during peak demand, but the number of participating vehicles is limited and agreement probability of power trading is low
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements self-service by enabling vehicles to automatically participate in power trading without requiring manual enrollment or complex agreements. The control section autonomously determines charging/discharging timing based on power system conditions, and the system automatically manages power exchange transactions, allowing any connected vehicle to contribute to load leveling without barriers to participation.
3Reliability
If vehicles are kept in standby mode at parking lots, then they are ready to discharge during peak demand, but no power exchange occurs and system stabilization is not achieved
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-charging electricity storage units during off-peak hours when power demand is low and electricity rates are lower. The control section anticipates peak demand periods and ensures storage units are charged in advance, so they are ready to discharge immediately when needed, eliminating the idle standby period while maintaining readiness for peak demand response.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system improves power supply stability by matching power supply with demand, increases the agreement probability of power trading, and incentivizes active discharging, thereby stabilizing the power system and maximizing benefits for all parties involved in V2G.
Implementation Method 1
a power conversion unit (e.g., a bidirectional charger 103 in an embodiment described below) that converts power transferred between the electricity storage unit and the power system
Data Source
AI summary
A V2G system includes: a power system; a charging/discharging device including an electricity storage unit, a power conversion unit that converts power transferred between the electricity storage unit and the power system, a reception unit, and a control unit that controls an operation of the power conversion unit based on a received signal; and a server device that manages charging and discharging of the electricity storage unit. The server device determines a period of time during which power is discharged from the electricity storage unit to the power system or during which the electricity storage unit is charged using power supplied from the power system, and transmits an instruction including the period of time to the charging/discharging device. The control unit of the charging/discharging device starts up or stop based on the period of time indicated by the instruction from the server device.