V2O5-MoO3-P/TiO2 Catalyst for Mercury Oxidation
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Solution Overview
Problem
In coal-fired power plants, high amounts of hazardous and corrosive HCl are required to convert metallic mercury into mercury chloride for efficient removal, necessitating high-temperature heat sources and increasing utility and storage costs, while also causing material corrosion.
Innovation Solution
A catalyst system using TiO2 as a support with V2O5 and MoO3 as active components and P or Bi compounds as co-catalysts, which promotes mercury oxidation, reducing the need for excessive HCl and minimizing corrosion by enhancing mercury chloride formation efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a large amount of HCl is supplied to convert metallic mercury into mercury chloride, then mercury removal efficiency is improved, but material corrosion and utility costs increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a catalyst as an intermediary substance that facilitates the conversion of metallic mercury to mercury chloride. The catalyst (containing V2O5, MoO3, and P on TiO2 support) acts as a mediator that enables the chemical transformation without requiring excessive HCl, thereby reducing corrosion while maintaining mercury removal efficiency
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical parameters by introducing specific catalyst components (V2O5, MoO3, P) that alter the reaction conditions. This allows the mercury conversion process to occur under milder conditions with reduced HCl consumption, addressing both efficiency and corrosion concerns
2Quantity of substance
If a large amount of HCl is supplied to maintain mercury conversion rate, then mercury chloride formation is improved, but the need for high-temperature heat sources and storage facilities increases
Solution Approach 1:
The catalyst enables the system to perform the mercury conversion function more efficiently, reducing the external resources (heat sources and storage facilities) needed. The catalyst essentially makes the process self-sufficient by facilitating the reaction under more favorable conditions
Solution Approach 2:
By changing the reaction parameters through catalyst introduction, the process requires less extreme conditions (lower temperature, reduced HCl quantity), thereby simplifying the overall system requirements for heat sources and storage facilities
3Reliability
If HCl is used to oxidize mercury in the presence of a catalyst, then mercury can be removed in the desulfurization unit, but excessive HCl causes material corrosion and increases costs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the HCl concentration parameter by using a catalyst that enhances the conversion efficiency. This allows the process to use the minimum necessary HCl amount to achieve effective mercury removal, preventing excessive HCl from causing corrosion while maintaining the desired removal performance
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The catalyst system effectively oxidizes mercury with a reduced amount of corrosive HCl, maintaining high mercury removal efficiency and lowering facility costs by minimizing the need for HCl handling and storage precautions.
Implementation Method 1
a catalyst system using TiO2 as a support with V2O5 and MoO3 as active components and P or Bi compounds as co-catalysts, which promotes mercury oxidation
Implementation Method 2
effectively oxidizes mercury with a reduced amount of corrosive HCl
Data Source
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Figure 2
AI summary
Provided is a catalyst for treating exhaust gas capable of reducing the amount of a highly corrosive mercury-chlorinating agent to be added while keeping the mercury oxidation efficiency high in an exhaust gas treatment. By the catalyst for treating exhaust gas, nitrogen oxide in the exhaust gas is removed upon contact with ammonia serving as a reducing agent, and mercury is oxidized using a halogen serving as an oxidant. The catalyst includes: TiO2 as a support; an oxide of at least one selected from the group consisting of V, W and Mo, which is supported as an active component on the support; and at least one selected from the group consisting of Bi, P, and compounds containing Bi and/or P, which is supported as a co-catalyst component on the support.