Reservation Signal Forwarding in V2V Merging Collision Avoidance
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Solution Overview
Problem
In vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications, the high probability of data transmission collisions arises due to the large number of transmitting devices relative to available resources, and existing sensing methods fail to prevent 'merging collisions' when vehicles move into each other's coverage areas using the same time-slots.
Innovation Solution
A first wireless communication device forwards a reservation signal that identifies time-slots reserved by a second device to avoid collisions, determining the need to forward based on location or received power thresholds, and transmits an updated signal for multiple reserved time-slots, utilizing GPS synchronization for frame and time-slot awareness.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If autonomous time-frequency resource selection is used in V2V communications, then device autonomy and operational flexibility are improved, but the probability of data transmission collisions increases due to the large number of transmitting devices relative to available resources
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by having devices transmit reservation signals before actual data transmissions. These reservation signals reserve specific time-frequency resources in advance, allowing other devices to detect and avoid these reserved resources. This proactive reservation mechanism prevents collisions before they occur, while devices maintain autonomous selection of their transmission resources.
2Device complexity
If reservation signals are transmitted only by originating devices, then signal transmission complexity is reduced, but merging collisions cannot be prevented when vehicles move into each other's coverage areas using the same time-slots
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an intermediary mechanism where intermediate devices forward reservation signals from other devices. When a device detects a reservation signal from another device, it can forward this reservation information to other devices in its range. This intermediary forwarding extends the reach of reservation information beyond the original transmitter's coverage area, preventing merging collisions without significantly increasing transmission complexity.
3Reliability
If reservation signal forwarding is implemented to prevent merging collisions, then collision avoidance capability is improved, but the complexity of determining when and what to forward increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by using measurable parameters such as received signal strength indicator (RSSI) thresholds and geographic location information to determine when forwarding should occur. Devices compare the strength of received reservation signals against predefined thresholds, or evaluate their relative positions, to automatically decide whether forwarding is necessary. This transforms the complex forwarding decision into a straightforward parameter-based determination.
Data Source
AI summary
The methods and systems discussed herein describe how a first wireless communication device forwards a reservation signal, which identifies one or more time-slots that have been reserved by a second wireless communication device, to avoid “merging collisions.” In some examples, the first wireless communication device determines that it should forward the reservation signal based on a determination that the first wireless communication device is located at the edge of a coverage area associated with the second wireless communication device. This determination can be based on location information associated with the second wireless communication device or whether a received power value of the reservation signal is within a pre-defined threshold range value. In other examples, the first wireless communication device transmits an updated forwarded reservation signal, which is an update of a previously forwarded reservation signal in which multiple time-slots were reserved.