V2X Antenna Gain Reduction for Vehicle Interference
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Solution Overview
Problem
V2X antennas placed on vehicle roofs or windshields often fail to provide complete 360-degree coverage due to design constraints and interference from vehicle body components, leading to signal degradation and reduced signal strength, especially in the rear hemisphere.
Innovation Solution
An antenna is mounted in the side view mirror with a signal gain reduction portion to receive communication signals within a partial hemispherical-shaped signal reception region, reducing signal gain in the opposite hemisphere and mitigating interference from vehicle body reflections, using a combination of reflectors and coplanar signal attenuating structures to optimize radiation patterns.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If V2X antenna is placed on vehicle roof or windshield, then antenna coverage is provided, but signal degradation occurs due to interference from vehicle body components and inability to provide complete 360-degree coverage
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna is extracted from traditional roof or windshield mounting locations and relocated to the side view mirror housing. This removes the antenna from positions where vehicle body components cause signal degradation and interference, while still providing effective V2X communication coverage.
Solution Approach 2:
A signal gain reduction portion is introduced as an intermediary element between the antenna element and the rear hemisphere space. This component actively manages signal distribution by reducing gain in the rear direction, preventing vehicle body reflections from causing interference while maintaining forward and lateral coverage.
2Reliability
If another antenna is placed in rearward or forward position on vehicle, then signal coverage is improved, but driver's view is obstructed
Solution Approach 1:
The side view mirror housing is given multiple functions: it serves both as a driver assistance component (providing rearward visibility) and as a mounting location for the V2X antenna. This eliminates the need for separate antenna placements that would obstruct the driver's view while maintaining comprehensive signal coverage.
3Reliability
If antenna is placed in windshield, then signal reception is provided, but available space becomes crowded with other components
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna is extracted from the crowded windshield environment and relocated to the side view mirror housing. This removes the antenna from a space already occupied by cameras, rain sensors, and heating elements, eliminating component crowding while maintaining signal reception capability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution provides enhanced 360-degree signal reception coverage around the vehicle, reducing interference and signal degradation, while minimizing antenna size and avoiding obstructive placement issues, thus improving V2X communication performance.
Implementation Method 1
A signal gain reduction portion may be located at least partially located between the antenna element and the second end of the antenna substrate, and may be configured to reduce signal gain in an opposite partial hemispherical-shaped region oriented about the second end of the antenna substrate
Data Source
AI summary
An antenna includes an antenna substrate comprising a first end and a second end, and an antenna element attached to the antenna substrate. The antenna element is configured to receive communication signals within a partial hemispherical-shaped signal reception region oriented about the first end of the antenna substrate. A signal gain reduction portion is at least partially located between the antenna element and the second end of the antenna substrate, and is configured to reduce signal gain in an opposite partial hemispherical-shaped region oriented about the second end of the antenna substrate.