Fault-Tolerant V2X Encryption Using Complementary Flows

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Solution Overview

Problem

In vehicular networks, existing encryption methods for V2X communication lack functional safety and fault tolerance, which is critical for ensuring the efficiency and safety of platooning and other transportation applications.

Innovation Solution

A functional safe (FUSA) encryption system is implemented using a fault-tolerant counter and complementary pair of encryption flows based on Gray code and Hamming distance, providing error detection and authentication through AES-CCM encryption, and can be executed in both hardware and software.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If traditional triple mode redundancy methods are used for fault-tolerant encryption, then reliability is improved, but device complexity and area increase

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvefault toleranceVSAvoidencryption system complexity

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The encryption system is divided into two independent complementary encryption flows (first encryption flow and second encryption flow) that operate in parallel. Each flow processes data independently through separate encryption operations, allowing fault isolation and detection without requiring full triple redundancy of the entire encryption system.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a complementary copy of the encryption process through the second encryption flow, which uses different encryption keys and algorithms compared to the first flow. This complementary copying approach provides fault detection capability while reducing the area and complexity compared to traditional triple redundancy that would require three identical encryption systems.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #26Copying

2Reliability

If conventional encryption methods are used for V2X communication, then ease of implementation is maintained, but functional safety and fault tolerance are insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvefunctional safetyVSAvoidencryption system implementation

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary fault detection by comparing results from two complementary encryption flows before final encryption output is generated. The authentication code generation includes fault detection logic that checks for inconsistencies between the two flows, preventing faulty encrypted data from being transmitted while maintaining a relatively simple implementation structure.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent incorporates feedback mechanisms where the results from the first and second encryption flows are compared to detect faults. The authentication code verification process provides feedback on data integrity, allowing the system to identify and reject faulty encrypted messages while maintaining functional safety requirements for V2X communication.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #23Feedback

Data Source

PatentUS11909857B2Functionally safe encryption for vehicle to anything communication

Publication Date: 2024.02.20 INTEL CORP

AI summary

Systems, apparatus, methods, and techniques for functional safe execution of encryption operations are provided. A fault tolerant counter and a complementary pair of encryption flows are provided. The fault tolerant counter may be based on a gray code counter and a hamming distance checker. The complementary pair of encryption flows have different implementations. The output from the complementary pair of encryption flows can be compared, and where different, errors generated.