V2X Gated Entry Management Using RSU Localization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current vehicle-to-everything (V2X) gated entry systems face challenges in verifying the identity of authorized vehicles and ensuring unobstructed paths, leading to potential unauthorized access and inefficient user interaction, especially in environments with unreliable GNSS reception or multiple gates.
Innovation Solution
A system utilizing a roadside unit (RSU) with V2X communication functionality that performs vehicle localization and verification using various methods such as light encoding, radar, and encoded lanes to confirm the vehicle's identity and clear path before automatically opening the gate, ensuring only authorized vehicles gain access.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If vehicle localization is performed using GNSS, then vehicle position can be determined, but reliability deteriorates in environments with unreliable GNSS reception
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an intermediary localization system that uses infrastructure-based methods (encoded lanes, light encoding, radar) as a mediator between the vehicle and GNSS. When GNSS is unreliable, the system switches to these intermediary methods that use local infrastructure markers and signals to determine vehicle position and verify authorization, thus maintaining reliability without depending solely on GNSS.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the localization parameters from relying exclusively on satellite-based GNSS coordinates to using infrastructure-based parameters such as encoded lane patterns, light encoding sequences, and radar return signals. This parameter change enables reliable position determination in urban canyons and other GNSS-denied environments by utilizing locally available infrastructure cues.
2Productivity
If multiple gates are present in the system, then more vehicles can be served, but difficulty of detecting and measuring increases due to gate identification
Solution Approach 1:
Each gate is equipped with unique local quality markers such as encoded lane patterns, light encoding sequences, and radar reflectors that are specific to that gate's location. These localized identifiers enable the system to distinguish between multiple gates and correctly identify which gate should be opened for each authorized vehicle, solving the gate identification problem in multi-gate environments.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent adds spatial dimensionality to gate identification by using encoded lanes and light encoding that provide positional information in addition to gate identity. This dimensional enhancement allows the system to not only identify which gate a vehicle is approaching but also verify the vehicle's authorization for that specific gate and lane combination.
3Reliability
If manual verification of vehicle authorization is used, then security can be maintained, but productivity decreases due to inefficient user interaction
Solution Approach 1:
The system implements self-service automated verification where the vehicle's onboard unit automatically communicates with the roadside unit to verify authorization credentials. The system autonomously performs localization, checks authorization status, and triggers gate opening without requiring manual user interaction such as pressing buttons or presenting physical tokens, thus maintaining security while dramatically improving entry processing speed.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces manual mechanical verification processes (physical tokens, button pressing, visual inspection) with electronic and optical systems including wireless communication protocols, light encoding recognition, and radar-based vehicle detection. This substitution maintains or enhances security verification reliability while eliminating the inefficiencies of manual user interaction.
4Productivity
If automated gate opening is implemented, then productivity improves, but reliability worsens due to potential unauthorized access
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary verification actions before automatically opening the gate. The roadside unit first verifies the vehicle's authorization credentials, confirms the vehicle is in the correct lane and position using localization data, and validates that the gate should be opened for this vehicle. Only after these preliminary verification steps are successfully completed does the system trigger automated gate opening, ensuring reliability is maintained while achieving high productivity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution enhances security and efficiency by reliably verifying vehicle authorization and path clearance, reducing user interaction and preventing unauthorized access, even in low GNSS conditions, while ensuring the correct gate is opened for the appropriate vehicle.
Implementation Method 1
perform vehicle localization to confirm that the vehicle has an unobstructed path to the gate
Implementation Method 2
perform vehicle localization to confirm that the vehicle has an unobstructed path to the gate
Data Source
AI summary
A request is received, from an onboard unit of a vehicle to a roadside unit in control of a gate protecting a gated area, for access rights to the gated area. Responsive to determining that the vehicle is authorized to enter, vehicle localization is performed to confirm that the vehicle has an unobstructed path to the gate. The vehicle localization is performed using one or more approaches. Responsive to confirming that the vehicle has an unobstructed path to the gate, direct the gate to open to allow the vehicle to proceed.