Information-Aware V2X Messaging Protocol for Bandwidth Optimization
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Solution Overview
Problem
The limited bandwidth assigned to vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication poses challenges in sharing messages, especially in crowded regions, impacting critical and non-critical use cases such as road congestion management and traffic-related communications, due to the increasing demand for data sharing in connected vehicle applications.
Innovation Solution
An information-aware messaging protocol that divides messages into groups, allowing vehicles to share only group index information, enabling adaptive adjustment and partial message sharing, where receivers can assess situations using partial messages and query additional data if needed, thereby reducing data traffic and congestion.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of information
If vehicles transmit complete sensor data in V2X messages, then information accuracy is improved, but bandwidth consumption increases and congestion occurs in crowded regions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts only the essential event type information from complete sensor data transmissions. Instead of sending full sensor datasets, the system identifies and transmits only the categorical event classification (e.g., pedestrian detected, obstacle detected), which preserves critical information while dramatically reducing data volume.
Solution Approach 2:
The messaging system segments information into hierarchical levels: event type categorization is transmitted in standard V2X messages, while detailed sensor data is separated and transmitted only when specifically requested by receiving vehicles. This segmentation allows receivers to get essential information immediately while optional detailed data follows on demand.
2Measurement precision
If vehicles share detailed sensor data, then situation assessment accuracy is improved, but communication bandwidth is consumed faster
Solution Approach 1:
The system implements partial action by transmitting only the necessary portion of data (event type classification) in standard messages, while making detailed sensor data available on-demand. This ensures that critical situation assessment information is always communicated efficiently, while comprehensive data is provided only when specifically needed by receivers.
Solution Approach 2:
The messaging system dynamically adapts its data transmission level based on receiver needs. Standard messages provide dynamic event type updates for continuous monitoring, while detailed sensor data is dynamically transmitted only when receivers query for additional information about specific events, optimizing bandwidth usage based on actual information needs.
3Loss of information
If all vehicles receive all V2X messages, then situational awareness is improved, but network congestion increases in crowded regions
Solution Approach 1:
The system segments information delivery into two layers: all vehicles receive standardized event type messages that provide general situational awareness, while detailed sensor data is segmented and transmitted only to vehicles that specifically request it. This segmentation maintains universal situational awareness while preventing network congestion from unnecessary data transmissions.
Data Source
AI summary
A V2X event-message dictionary and a binning function are received from a cloud server. Sensor data is compared to events specified in the V2X event-message dictionary to identify a best-fit event for the sensor data. A number of bins and a bin number for the event are computed using the binning function. A V2X message is transmitted including the number of bins and the bin number, thereby avoiding including the sensor data in the V2X message.