Adaptive V2X Congestion Control via Relative Motion
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current V2X communication systems face congestion issues, particularly in high-traffic scenarios, due to the lack of sophisticated congestion control algorithms for exchanging perception data through Cooperative Perception Messages (CPM), which can lead to channel overload.
Innovation Solution
The proposed solution adapts the congestion control system by considering relative changes in vehicle motion and subdividing the environment into zones of interest, adjusting the transmission period based on relative motion, and treating static objects as low-priority updates to reduce unnecessary data transmission.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If vehicles periodically transmit data concerning surroundings observation to enable cooperative perception, then awareness of the environment is improved, but channel congestion increases in high-traffic scenarios
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by differentiating transmission priorities based on spatial zones. The environment is divided into zones of interest (e.g., front, rear, side zones) with different transmission frequencies. Vehicles transmit data about observed objects in these zones with varying periodicity - more frequent transmission for critical zones and less frequent for non-critical zones - thereby maintaining environmental awareness while reducing overall channel load.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements partial action by selectively transmitting only certain types of observation data rather than all surrounding information. The system determines whether to transmit full surroundings data or reduced data based on traffic conditions, relative motion, and zone importance. This partial transmission approach maintains sufficient environmental awareness while significantly reducing channel congestion in high-traffic scenarios.
2Object-generated harmful factors
If transmission period is reduced to prevent channel overload, then channel load is decreased, but awareness accuracy may deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by making the transmission period adaptive rather than fixed. The transmission periodicity is dynamically adjusted based on multiple factors including relative motion between vehicles, traffic density, zone of interest, and object priority. When vehicles are stationary or moving slowly with high relative motion, transmission period increases. When relative motion is high or traffic conditions require better awareness, transmission period decreases, thus maintaining awareness accuracy while optimizing channel load.
3Ease of operation
If all vehicles transmit surroundings observation data with the same period, then communication simplicity is maintained, but channel congestion occurs in high-traffic scenarios
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies segmentation by dividing the transmission process into multiple independent components. Each vehicle independently determines its transmission periodicity based on its own observation data, relative motion state, and zone of interest. This segmentation allows vehicles to operate autonomously with different transmission rates rather than requiring centralized coordination, maintaining operational simplicity while reducing channel congestion through differentiated transmission strategies.
Data Source
AI summary
The proposal concerns a method for data communication between at least two mobile participants (10, 12) of a wireless communication system. The method comprises the steps, observing the surroundings of an observer participant (12), and periodically transmitting data concerning the surroundings observation by the observer participant (12). The method further comprises the steps of determining the amount of relative motion between at least the observer participant (12) and one or more of the participants (10) in the surroundings and increasing or decreasing the period for sending a repeated transmission of the selected data concerning the surroundings observation by the observer participant (12) depending on the result of the step of determining the amount of relative motion between at least the observer participant (12) and one or more of the participants (10) in the surroundings. This proposal allows the enhancement of a decentralized congestion control algorithm for the purpose of sensor data sharing in a cooperative or autonomous driving scenario.