V2X Communication Path Selection for Latency and Reliability

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current V2V communication technologies face challenges in meeting the requirements of high reliability and low latency, with D2D direct communication experiencing data collisions due to resource limitations and LTE eNodeB forwarding communication having high latency and resource occupancy.

Innovation Solution

A method and apparatus for flexibly selecting between PC5 and Uu communication paths for V2X services, allowing terminal devices to determine or request a communication path based on load conditions and resource availability, thereby optimizing resource utilization and reducing latency and interference.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of time

If D2D direct communication is used for V2V messaging, then transmission latency is reduced, but data collisions and transmission congestion occur due to limited configured resources

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetransmission latencyVSAvoiddata collision probability
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of timeVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements dynamic resource allocation where the network device adjusts PC5 interface resources based on real-time service requirements and channel conditions. The terminal device can flexibly select between PC5 direct communication and Uu network forwarding based on current load conditions, transforming the static resource allocation into a dynamic system that adapts to changing traffic patterns and avoids collisions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The network device (eNodeB) acts as an intermediary that coordinates PC5 resource allocation between terminal devices. It provides scheduling information and resource grants to prevent data collisions while maintaining low latency benefits of direct communication. The network device mediates between multiple terminals sharing PC5 resources, ensuring reliable transmission without requiring all devices to use Uu interface.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Reliability

If LTE eNodeB forwarding communication is used for V2V messaging, then transmission reliability is improved, but transmission latency increases and resource occupancy increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetransmission reliabilityVSAvoidtransmission latency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the communication path into two options: direct PC5 interface for low-latency scenarios and indirect Uu interface for high-reliability scenarios. The terminal device can segment traffic based on service requirements, using PC5 for time-critical V2V messages and Uu for less time-sensitive communications, thereby achieving both low latency and high reliability for different message types.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes communication parameters dynamically by switching between PC5 and Uu interfaces based on service requirements, channel conditions, and network load. The terminal device adjusts transmission parameters such as interface selection, resource allocation, and modulation schemes to optimize the balance between reliability and latency for different V2V communication scenarios.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Quantity of substance

If configured resources are highly limited for PC5 interface, then resource occupancy is reduced, but transmission congestion and data collision increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveresource occupancyVSAvoidtransmission reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The network device performs preliminary resource allocation and scheduling before actual PC5 transmission. It pre-configures resource pools, sets up scheduling information, and reserves resources based on predicted traffic patterns. This preliminary action prevents congestion and collisions by ensuring resources are available and properly allocated before terminals attempt transmission.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Data Source

PatentEP3410663B1Message sending methods and apparatuses
Publication Date: 2022.05.11 HUAWEI TECH CO LTD
  • EP3410663B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3410663B1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP3410663B1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

The present invention provides a V2X service message sending method. The method includes: determining, by a terminal device, a communication path for a V2X service, where the communication path is selected from at least two communication paths, the at least two communication paths include a first communication path and a second communication path, the first communication path is a communication path on which communication is performed by using a PC5 interface, and the second communication path is a communication path on which communication is performed by using a Uu interface; and sending, by the terminal device, a message of the V2X service by using the communication path. In the foregoing solution, the communication path can be selected from the at least two communication paths, to send the message of the V2X service. In this way, a communication path is flexibly selected for a V2X service.