Context-Based Reliable V2X Communication via Selective Acknowledgment
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current V2X communication systems face challenges in ensuring reliable data reception during high-risk driving scenarios due to packet loss and congestion, as they rely on unacknowledged broadcast packets and lack defined retransmission mechanisms for broadcast and multicast, leading to potential safety risks.
Innovation Solution
Implementing a context-based reliability method where a self-vehicle identifies high-risk scenarios, broadcasts critical messages, requests acknowledgment only from involved vehicles, and rebroadcasts if necessary, while maintaining a high transmission frequency through congestion control algorithms to prevent packet loss.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If retransmission is implemented for broadcast messages to ensure 100% packet acceptance rate, then reliability is improved, but channel load increases causing higher collision probability and degraded communication reliability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by differentiating acknowledgment requirements based on scenario risk level. High-risk scenarios trigger acknowledgment requests from specific vehicles, while normal scenarios use standard unacknowledged broadcast. This selective approach applies reliability mechanisms only where needed, avoiding unnecessary channel load in low-risk conditions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements partial action by requesting acknowledgments only from vehicles involved in high-risk scenarios rather than all vehicles. The system identifies specific vehicles within detection range that are relevant to the safety message, requesting acknowledgment only from them, thus reducing overall channel load while maintaining reliability for critical messages.
2Object-generated harmful factors
If congestion control algorithm increases transmission period to reduce channel load, then channel load is reduced, but latency between correctly received packets increases and reception opportunities decrease
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by making transmission frequency adaptive based on scenario risk level. During high-risk scenarios, the system maintains high transmission frequency (every 100ms) despite congestion control algorithms wanting to reduce it. The transmission period dynamically adjusts based on the detected risk level, allowing frequent transmissions when safety is critical while reducing load during normal conditions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies preliminary anti-action by preemptively maintaining high transmission frequency during detected high-risk scenarios before packet loss can occur. The system anticipates the need for reliable delivery by keeping transmissions frequent during critical situations, counteracting the congestion control algorithm's tendency to reduce transmission rate before latency issues arise.
3Reliability
If acknowledgment requests are sent to all vehicles for broadcast messages, then packet acceptance rate is improved, but device complexity and channel load increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by targeting acknowledgment requests to specific vehicles based on their involvement in the high-risk scenario. Instead of broadcasting acknowledgments to all vehicles, the system identifies and requests acknowledgments only from vehicles within detection range that are relevant to the safety message, reducing complexity while maintaining reliability.
Data Source
AI summary
Apparatus for V2X communications comprising an application layer configured to analyze a high-risk scenario involving a self-vehicle and other vehicles, an access or network layer configured to ensure reception of messages broadcast by the self-vehicle by requesting acknowledged only from vehicles identified as involved in the high-risk scenario, and an interface connecting the application layer to the access or network layer for carrying results of the analysis of the high-risk scenario and the identification of involved vehicles. In an exemplary method of use, a self-vehicle performing identifies vehicles involved in a high-risk scenario, broadcasts one or more times a first message that can prevent or mitigate the high-risk, requests acknowledgement for the first message from only the identified vehicles, and rebroadcasts the first message if acknowledgement is not received from all the identified vehicles before a predetermined condition is fulfilled.