V2X Toll Advertisement Message Topology Encoding
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current tolling systems face challenges in efficiently conveying complex toll road geometries and topologies to vehicles via cellular vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, which limits their ability to accurately determine and enforce tolls based on various factors such as vehicle type, time, and entry-exit points.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication system that includes a telematics control unit in vehicles to receive and broadcast toll advertisement messages (TAMs) from roadside units, determining roadway usage and sending toll usage messages (TUMs) based on toll road tariff data elements indexed by unique toll context identifiers, allowing for dynamic toll calculations and enforcement.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If current tolling systems use conventional communication methods to convey toll road information, then the system structure remains simple, but the ability to accurately represent complex toll road geometries and topologies is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces conventional communication systems with V2X (vehicle-to-everything) communication technology. This substitution enables the system to handle complex toll road geometries and topologies by providing enhanced data transmission capabilities, allowing detailed representation of multiple lanes, merging roads, splitting roads, and interchanges without proportionally increasing system complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The V2X communication system is designed to serve multiple functions simultaneously: conveying toll road geometry information, transmitting topology data, providing real-time updates, and supporting various toll calculation methods. This multi-functionality allows the system to adapt to diverse road configurations and toll schemes using a single communication infrastructure.
2Measurement precision
If toll advertisement messages include detailed toll road tariff data elements, then measurement precision of toll calculations improves, but the quantity of data transmitted increases
Solution Approach 1:
The toll advertisement message is segmented into distinct data elements, each serving a specific purpose in toll calculation. The message includes structured components such as toll context identifiers, tariff data elements, geometry information, and topology data. This segmentation allows the receiving system to process only the necessary portions of data for specific calculation needs, improving precision while managing data volume efficiently.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically adjusts the level of detail in toll advertisement messages based on the specific toll context and road topology. By changing parameters such as the granularity of geometry data and the specificity of tariff elements, the system achieves high measurement precision when needed while reducing data transmission volume for simpler scenarios.
3Measurement precision
If the system determines roadway usage based on multiple factors including vehicle type and time, then toll calculation accuracy improves, but the complexity of determining roadway usage increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system pre-determines and stores roadway usage parameters and toll context identifiers in the toll advertisement message before the vehicle reaches the toll road. This preliminary action includes pre-calculating applicable tariffs based on vehicle type, time of day, and road geometry, allowing the onboard system to simply match observed conditions against pre-prepared data, thereby improving accuracy without significantly increasing real-time computational complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The toll advertisement message acts as an intermediary that carries pre-processed toll context information from the infrastructure to the vehicle. This intermediary contains structured data about roadway usage conditions, vehicle classifications, and applicable tariffs, enabling the vehicle's onboard system to accurately determine usage without having to perform complex real-time analysis of all possible factors.
Data Source
AI summary
Smart tolling for vehicles is provided. A toll advertisement message (TAM) is received by a vehicle, broadcast from a road-side unit (RSU) via V2X communication, the TAM defining a plurality of toll road tariff data elements, each of the toll road tariff data elements specifying a set of tolling factors indexed by a unique toll context identifier. Roadway usage of the vehicle is determined. A charge for the roadway usage is determined according to the set of tolling factors of the TAM. A toll usage message (TUM) is sent via the V2X communication, the TUM indicating, to the RSU, the tariff for the roadway usage of the vehicle.