V2X UE Grant-Free Resource Allocation for Latency Reduction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current V2X communication technologies face significant latency and reliability issues due to lengthy resource scheduling processes, which are detrimental to the performance of vehicle-to-everything communication, especially in advanced use cases requiring shorter latency and higher reliability.
Innovation Solution
A 2-step resource scheduling process is introduced, where user equipment (UE) receives network V2X configuration information to generate and send UE assistance information as a scheduling request indication, and the base station assigns sidelink or uplink resources using dynamic-grant downlink control information in a physical downlink control channel, simplifying and accelerating the resource allocation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the existing 4-step resource scheduling process is used, then the UE can request and receive resource allocation from the base station, but the transmission latency increases significantly (up to 10's of milliseconds)
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the traditional 4-step scheduling process into two independent phases: (1) a fast 1-step grant-free resource allocation for urgent V2X data using pre-configured resources, and (2) a conventional 4-step process for non-urgent data. This segmentation allows critical safety-related communications to bypass the lengthy scheduling procedure while maintaining reliable resource allocation through pre-configuration.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements preliminary action by pre-configuring uplink and sidelink resources at the UE before actual V2X data transmission occurs. The base station allocates and configures grant-free resources in advance, so when urgent V2X data needs to be transmitted, the UE can immediately use the pre-configured resources without waiting for the 4-step scheduling process, thereby reducing latency while ensuring resource availability.
2Reliability
If the UE spends more time exchanging information with the base station in the 4-step process, then resource allocation can be obtained, but the time and processing resources available for V2X data transmission with other UEs are reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments traffic into urgent and non-urgent categories, applying different resource allocation mechanisms. Urgent V2X data (safety-critical communications) uses the fast grant-free path with pre-configured resources, while non-urgent data uses the conventional 4-step scheduling process. This segmentation ensures that critical communications do not contend for base station scheduling resources, thereby improving overall V2X transmission efficiency and reducing half-duplex constraints.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent enables self-service by allowing UEs to autonomously select and use pre-configured grant-free resources for urgent V2X data transmission without base station intervention. The UE can directly transmit safety-critical data to other UEs using the pre-allocated resources, eliminating the need to wait for base station scheduling decisions and freeing up processing resources for actual V2X communications.
3Reliability
If the existing scheduling process is used, then resources can be allocated through base station control, but the process complexity and number of signaling steps increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the resource allocation process into two distinct pathways: a simplified grant-free path for urgent data and the conventional scheduled path for non-urgent data. The grant-free path eliminates multiple signaling steps (SR, UL grant, BSR, SL grant) and replaces them with a single pre-configuration phase followed by direct transmission. This segmentation reduces process complexity for time-critical communications while maintaining the reliability benefits of base station control for other traffic.
4Adaptability or versatility
If the 4-step scheduling process is used, then dynamic resource allocation can be achieved, but the number of signaling messages and processing steps increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a dynamic resource allocation framework where the UE can switch between two operational modes: grant-free mode for urgent data and scheduled mode for non-urgent data. The system dynamically selects the appropriate transmission path based on the urgency and QoS requirements of the V2X data. This dynamic approach preserves the adaptability of resource allocation while minimizing scheduling process duration for time-critical communications by using the faster grant-free path.
Data Source
AI summary
A user equipment (UE), a base station (BS), and a method of vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication of same are provided. The method of V2X communication of the UE includes receiving at least one network V2X configuration information relating at least one V2X operation from the BS, generating at least one V2X data, and triggering to send, to the BS, at least one UE assistance information (UEAI) using the at least one network V2X configuration information as a scheduling request indication (SRI) when the UE has the at least one V2X data to be transmitted.