Vertically Aligned LCD Slope Member Alignment
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Solution Overview
Problem
The manufacturing process of vertically aligned liquid crystal displays (LCDs) is complicated by the need for multiple light irradiation processes to achieve pre-tilt angles in LC molecules, leading to increased complexity and potential light leakage, which deteriorates the contrast ratio.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of a slope member with ridges, valleys, and inclined surfaces on the substrate, along with a method of light irradiation to align the alignment layers vertically, reduces the number of light irradiation processes and eliminates the need for shadow masks, simplifying the manufacturing process and improving contrast ratio.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If multiple light irradiation processes are used to form pre-tilt angles in four directions, then the viewing angle is improved, but the manufacturing process complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The alignment layer is divided into four distinct regions, with each region irradiated by light in a specific direction to create pre-tilt angles in different orientations. This segmentation allows the LCD to achieve wide viewing angles by controlling LC molecule alignment in multiple directions through separate irradiation zones.
Solution Approach 2:
A shadow mask is introduced as an intermediary component to control and direct light irradiation to specific regions of the alignment layer. The shadow mask enables precise spatial control of light exposure, allowing different regions to receive light from different directions without requiring complex multi-step processes.
2Adaptability or versatility
If LC molecules are pre-tilted relative to the substrate surface, then the viewing angle is improved, but light leakage occurs in black state deteriorating contrast ratio
Solution Approach 1:
Different regions of the alignment layer are given different pre-tilt characteristics through selective light irradiation. By controlling the orientation and angle of light exposure in each region, the LC molecules are tilted in specific directions that optimize viewing angle while minimizing light leakage in the black state through localized alignment control.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach minimizes the number of light irradiation processes, enhances the contrast ratio, and improves the viewing angle by uniformly pre-tilting LC molecules, reducing light leakage in black states and maintaining high luminance.
Implementation Method 1
performing light irradiation to align the first alignment layer in the vertical direction with respect to the surface of the first substrate, performing light irradiation to align the second alignment layer in a vertical direction with respect to the surface of the second substrate
Data Source
AI summary
A liquid crystal display includes a first signal line disposed on a first substrate, a second signal line disposed on the first substrate and crossing the first signal line, a switching element disposed on the first substrate and connected to the first signal line and the second signal line, a first slope member disposed on the switching element and forming a ridge, a valley, and an inclined surface between the valley and the ridge, a pixel electrode disposed on the first slope member and connected to the switching element, a first alignment layer disposed on the pixel electrode and vertically aligned with respect to the surface of the first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, a common electrode disposed on the second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first alignment layer and the common electrode.