Vacuum Battery Cracking with Sealed Pyrolysis Zone Isolation
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Traditional high-temperature treatment methods for waste batteries, such as aerobic pyrolysis and anaerobic cracking, face issues like dioxin production, secondary pollution, and heat loss, as well as difficulties in battery recycling due to tar and coke by-products.
Innovation Solution
A vacuum cracking apparatus that combines aerobic pyrolysis with anaerobic cracking, utilizing a sequential arrangement of rolling, cracking, and pyrolysis devices to isolate zones, recover heat, and efficiently decompose battery materials, including the use of cracked gas as fuel, to minimize harmful by-products and optimize resource recovery.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If traditional aerobic pyrolysis method is used, then battery materials can be decomposed, but dioxin is produced causing secondary pollution
Solution Approach 1:
The treatment process is divided into two distinct segments: an anaerobic cracking stage followed by an aerobic pyrolysis stage. This segmentation allows the system to first decompose organic materials without oxygen (avoiding dioxin formation), then combust remaining materials with oxygen (eliminating harmful byproducts), thus resolving the contradiction between decomposition capability and dioxin production
Solution Approach 2:
The anaerobic cracking is performed as a preliminary action before aerobic pyrolysis. By pre-decomposing the battery materials in an oxygen-free environment, the system prevents the direct formation of dioxins that would occur if aerobic pyrolysis were applied directly to the original materials
2Ease of manufacture
If traditional anaerobic cracking method is used, then battery materials can be cracked, but tar and coke are produced impacting subsequent recycling
Solution Approach 1:
The process segments cracking and pyrolysis into sequential stages. The anaerobic cracking stage produces tar and coke as intermediate products, but the subsequent aerobic pyrolysis stage completely combusts these by-products, converting them into CO2 and H2O, thus eliminating the negative impact on recycling while preserving the cracking capability
Solution Approach 2:
The tar and coke by-products that would normally be harmful are converted into beneficial fuel sources. The system utilizes these materials as fuel for the subsequent pyrolysis stage, achieving heat recovery and eliminating waste while solving the problem of harmful by-products
3Ease of manufacture
If traditional cracking method is used, then battery materials can be decomposed, but heat is lost without recovery
Solution Approach 1:
The heat that would normally be lost during cracking is converted into a beneficial resource. The system captures the heat generated during the exothermic pyrolysis stage and uses it to preheat the feed material or maintain temperature in the cracking zone, achieving energy recovery and reducing external heating requirements
Solution Approach 2:
The system merges the cracking and pyrolysis processes into an integrated thermal treatment system where the two stages share thermal energy. The exothermic reactions in the pyrolysis zone provide heat for the endothermic cracking zone, creating a self-sustaining thermal cycle that minimizes energy loss
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The apparatus effectively avoids secondary pollution, increases cracked gas yield, decomposes tar and coke, simplifies the recycling process, and recovers heat, enhancing the recovery of valuable metals like Ni, Co, Mn, and Li while maintaining a clean environment.
Implementation Method 1
the first heater is arranged outside the cylinder to make the first heater to heat the outer surface of the cylinder
Implementation Method 2
the second heater is arranged outside the cylinder to make the second heater heat the outer surface of the cylinder
Implementation Method 3
the first heater is connected with the pipeline and the first air outlet; the second heater is connected with the pipeline
Implementation Method 4
the rolling device comprises a plurality of pressure rollers arranged at intervals in a vertical direction
Implementation Method 5
the pyrolysis device comprises a second heater, a second air inlet, a second air outlet, a first stirring paddle, and a first driving device for driving rotation of the first stirring paddle
Data Source
AI summary
The invention discloses a vacuum cracking apparatus for a power battery and a cracking method thereof. The cracking device includes a cylinder and further includes a rolling device, a first sealing device, a cracking device, a second sealing device, a pyrolysis device and a third sealing device which are arranged from top to bottom. The cracking device for the power battery of the present invention is equipped with the first sealing device, the second sealing device and the third sealing device to isolate the cracking device from the pyrolysis device and be capable of realizing material transmission and gas isolation without interference with each other, so that gas stirring between an anaerobic zone and an aerobic zone is avoided; and by combing battery cracking and battery pyrolysis, with cracked gas discharged after cracking as a fuel for cracking and pyrolysis or preheating a pyrolysis device, resources are fully used.