Vacuum Chuck Resilient Compensation for Thermal Bowing

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Solution Overview

Problem

Vacuum chucks used in semiconductor manufacturing often bow upwards during heating, causing warpage of substrates and reducing planarity, and electrical connectors can overheat, leading to damage during thermal processes like pulsed laser annealing.

Innovation Solution

A vacuum chuck assembly with a support body and resilient members to counteract bowing, protrusions on the support surface to reduce contact area and ensure planarity, and an electrical connector assembly with air-cooling channels to prevent overheating.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Temperature

If the vacuum chuck is heated to high temperatures for thermal processing, then the substrate can undergo chemical and/or physical reactions, but the chuck bows upwards causing warpage of the substrate and reducing planarity

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesubstrate temperatureVSAvoidsubstrate planarity
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies the anti-weight principle by introducing resilient members (springs) that exert a downward counteracting force on the chuck to compensate for the upward bowing caused by thermal expansion during heating. This counterforce maintains the chuck's planarity despite temperature increases, thereby preventing substrate warpage and preserving manufacturing precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #8Anti-weight (Counterweight)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the physical state and mechanical properties of the chuck by incorporating resilient members that allow controlled deformation and recovery. The springs adjust the mechanical parameters of the chuck structure dynamically, enabling it to maintain planarity across varying temperature conditions while still allowing thermal processing of the substrate.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Temperature

If the vacuum chuck is heated to high temperatures for thermal processing, then the substrate can undergo chemical and/or physical reactions, but the electrical connectors may be damaged or melted by overheating

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesubstrate temperatureVSAvoidelectrical connector integrity
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the chuck structure into distinct functional zones: a heated processing area for the substrate and a cooler support area for the electrical connectors. The resilient members and structural design create thermal zones that allow the substrate region to reach high temperatures while keeping the connector region at safe operating temperatures, thus protecting connector integrity during thermal processing.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The resilient members and chuck structure act as thermal intermediaries, managing heat distribution to protect electrical connectors. The design allows heat to be concentrated where needed (substrate area) while providing thermal isolation for sensitive components (connectors), serving as a mediator between the heating process and sensitive electrical components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Manufacturing precision

If the whole support surface of the vacuum chuck is planarized to ensure substrate planarity, then the substrate surface remains flat, but it requires a lot of effort and is difficult to manufacture

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesubstrate planarityVSAvoidchuck manufacturing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

Instead of manufacturing the entire chuck surface with high precision, the patent uses resilient members to actively counteract deformation during heating. This approach shifts the focus from achieving perfect planarity through difficult manufacturing to maintaining planarity through active mechanical compensation, significantly reducing manufacturing complexity while preserving substrate flatness.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #8Anti-weight (Counterweight)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the approach from static geometric precision to dynamic mechanical compensation. By using resilient members that can adjust their force output, the system maintains substrate planarity through active parameter adjustment rather than relying on fixed manufacturing precision, making the chuck much easier to manufacture.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution maintains substrate planarity, improves laser anneal depth of focus, and prevents electrical connector damage by controlling thermal stress and providing cooling, thus enhancing semiconductor processing efficiency.

Implementation Method 1

at least one resilient member coupled with the at least one support member... When the support body bows upwards, the resilient member provides control force to pull the support body downwards

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElasticity: Elasticity

Implementation Method 2

a receptacle having one or more cooling channels for providing air cooling in the vicinity of the electrical connector

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectConvection: Convection

Implementation Method 3

a plurality of channels formed on the support surface for uniformly distributing reduced pressure along the back side of the substrate

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectVacuum pressure distribution: Pressure Gradient

Data Source

PatentEP2235748B1High temperature vacuum chuck assembly
Publication Date: 2017.09.06 APPLIED MATERIALS INC
  • EP2235748B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2235748B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2235748B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A vacuum chuck and a process chamber equipped with the same are provided. The vacuum chuck assembly comprises a support body, a plurality of protrusions, a plurality of channels, at least one support member supporting the support body, at least one resilient member coupled with the support member, a hollow shaft supporting the support body, at least one electrical connector disposed through the hollow shaft, and an air-cooling apparatus. The support body has a support surface for holding a substrate (such as a wafer) thereon. The protrusions are formed on and project from the support surface for creating a gap between the substrate and the support surface. The channels are formed on the support surface for generating reduced pressure in the gap. The air-cooling apparatus is used for providing air cooling in the vicinity of the electrical connector.